Biomedical nanomaterials have gained a lot of attention in the last decade. They have emphasized various concerns due to their vast and significant biological properties and biomedical applications. Metal oxide nanoparticles offer a wide range of medicinal uses, including anticancer, drug/gene delivery, antibacterial, cell imaging, and biosensing, among others. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have been employed like a key material in a range of industries in last years, including medicine, cosmetics, concrete, antimicrobials, and textiles. the automotive industry, and cancer prevention. Anticancer and antibacterial effects are linked to the capability of ZnO-NPs to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and trigger cell programmed death (apoptosis). The following review articles summarize the different biomedical applications of ZnO nanoparticles.