Resumen: En la presente investigación experimental se determinaron los límites de formabilidad de láminas de acero SG295 de 2.2 mm de espesor, las cuales son utilizadas en la manufactura de cilindros para gas. Se realizó inicialmente una caracterización química y un análisis metalográfico. Las propiedades mecánicas determinadas fueron la resistencia a la tracción, el límite elástico mediante la aplicación de ensayos de tracción (ASTM E 8M) y la ductilidad, la cual se determinó mediante el alargamiento hasta fractura. El índice de resistencia al angostamiento del material se midió con el ensayo ASTM E 517 que permite determinar el coeficiente de anisotropía, r. La capacidad del material para distribuir la deformación uniformemente se cuantificó mediante el coeficiente de endurecimiento por deformación, n, según la norma ASTM E 646. Los resultados muestran una ductilidad aceptable para un acero al carbono y un comportamiento anisotrópico adecuado para operaciones de embutido.Palabras clave: Formabilidad, tracción, anisotropía, embutido, acero. Abstract:In the present experimental research, the formability limits of SG295 steel sheets with 2.2 mm of thick were determined. This material is used in the manufacture of gas cylinders. Chemical characterization and metallographic analysis was initially performed. The mechanical properties determined were the tensile strength, the yield strength by applying tensile testing (ASTM E 8M) and ductility, which was determined by the elongation to fracture. The narrowing resistance index was measured with test ASTM E 517, which determines the anisotropy coefficient, r. The ability of material to distribute evenly deformation was quantified by the strain hardening coefficient, n, according to ASTM E 646 standard. The results show an acceptable ductility for a carbon steel and a suitable anisotropic behavior for operations of deep drawing.
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