No abstract
Prospective study conducted among 263 patients for evaluation of Drug-induced hepatotoxicity (DIH) to know predisposing factors for DIH diagnosed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients under anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) as per Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) on short term regimen at Chatrapati Shivaji Subharti Hospital attached Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Patients attending, Respiratory Medicine Out Patient department (OPD) and referred patients from Urban Health Training Centre and Rural Health Training Centre with pretreatment liver function test (LFT) were assessed. Patients and methods: Before initiation of first line ATT (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, and Streptomycin), LFT and other relevant investigations were carried out. Overnight fasting blood samples were collected for LFT on 2 nd , 4 th and 8 th week during treatment for assessment of disease status. A total of 263 patients, 174 male and 89 female with mean age of 41 years were assessed. Results: A total of 35 patients (13.30%) developed DIH. The Body mass index (BMI) and albumin was found significantly low compared to control (P<0.01). The chest radiograph recorded clear cavitory lesions. Results highlight that the age group 41-50 years is at high risk of DIH (31.43%), furthermore it is more prevalent among male (68.57%) than female (31.43%) counterpart. Conclusion: Old age male, baseline hypoalbuminemia, low BMI, malnutrition and extensive disease states are independent risk factors observed in present study.
Acute rheumatic fever is an auto-immune response to bacterial infection with group A streptococcus (GAS). Despite the dramatic nature of the acute episode, acute rheumatic fever leaves no lasting damage to the brain, joints or skin. Recurrences of acute rheumatic fever may cause further valve damage, leading to steady worsening of rheumatic heart disease. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: To study prevalence of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease as detected by 2D ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY in patients 05 years to 40 years of age attending OPD and IPD of medicine and pediatrics department Rama Medical College, Kanpur. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present study was conducted on patients of 05 to 40 years of age. All patients were examined clinically and relevant investigations including 2D ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY was done in all patients. RESULTS: A total of 734 patients belonging to age group 05 to 40 years & attending the OPD & IPD of Medicine & pediatrics Department of Rama Medical College, Kanpur, were studied, Out of 734 patients, 42 patients (5.72%) had findings of RF & RHD on 2D ECHO. RF were present in 10 patients (1.36%), RHD in 28 patients (3.81%), and 04 patients (0.54%) had evidence of both RF & RHD, 38.09% had findings of RF & RHD, were >25 years of age, Out of 42 patients 61.90% were females & 38.09% were males, RF & RHD occurred more frequently (57.14%) in rural population as compared to urban population (42.86%). Among the Jones Minor Criteria, the most common manifestation (57.14%) was Arthralgia followed by Fever (50%). ESR was raised in 28.57%, CRP was elevated in 28.57% and PR-interval prolongation was seen in 14.28%.Clinically 04 patients had evidence of carditis. All these patients also had ECHO findings suggesting carditis. Other than that ECHO also identified 10 more patients with carditis. Mitral valve was most commonly involved. Isolated mitral stenosis was present in 25% of patients, isolated mitral regurgitation in 18.75% of patients, while combined mitral valve stenosis & regurgitation was present in 37.50% of patients. Multi valvular lesions were present in 18.25% of patients. CONCLUSION: Our study shows prevalence of RF to be 19.07 per 1000 patients and prevalence of RHD to be 43.59 per 1000 patients, there is higher sensitivity and positive predictive value of 2D ECHO in detecting RF and RHD. Maximum number of patients of RF and RHD belong to the >25 years age group, followed by 20-25 years, 15-20 years and 05-10 years with prevalence is higher in females than male, Polyarthritis was the most common manifestation among the Jones major criteria seen in 35.71% patients.2D ECHO had a sensitivity and positive predictive value of 100% in identifying carditis as compared to clinical methods of detecting carditis with sensitivity of 28.57%.
Cataract as a potent cause of loss of vision in old age persons is probably known since the dawn of human civilization. Post operative astigmatism after cataract extraction remains a big problem for cataract surgeons since Jacques Daviel era. Astigmatism is that type of refractive anomaly in which no point focus is formed owing to the unequal refraction of the incident light by the diopteric system of the eye in different meridians. The goal of modern cataract surgery is to produce a pseudophakic with the quality of vision of a normal phakic eye. Various studies to find out any effect of IOL on post operative astigmatism were carried out but results are controversial. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 60 patients suffering from cataract and fit for extraction were enlisted during the month of August 2008 to February 2009. The general, physical and local examination including preoperative Keratometry, vision and tension were recorded. RESULTS: In the present study, male patients were 38 (63%) and female patients were 22 (37%). Out of the total 60 cases studied, corneo-scleral section of 28 cases (47%) were sutured with 10-0 nylon suture (Group A) while sections of 32 cases were sutured with 8-0 black virgin silk suture (Group B).Out of 28 cases of Group A, interrupted sutures were applied in 14 cases (50%) (Group A1). Cross interrupted sutures were applied in 9 cases (32%) Group A2, while bootlace continuous sutures were applied in 5 cases (18%) (Group A3). Out of 32 cases of Group B, interrupted sutures were applied in 26 cases (80%) (Group B1), cross interrupted were applied in 3 cases (10%) (Group B2), while bootlace continuous suture were applied in 3 cases (Group B3). In the present series, 19 cases (31%) showed with the rule astigmatism, 21 cases (36%) showed astigmatism against the rule and 20 cases (33%) showed no astigmatism preoperatively, 16 cases were in the range of 0.50D to 1.0D and 12 cases were in the range of 1.0D to 1.50D. CONCLUSION: To conclude the findings, 10-0 nylon cross interrupted sutures and 8-0 silk cross interrupted sutures are relatively better and causes less degree of postoperative astigmatism in comparison to other suture technique. Decreased postoperative astigmatism can be achieved by posterior limbal incision, small section, limited use of sclera cauterization, proper depth of suture bite and limited use of topical steroids. Type of suture material and suture technique plays a minor role on postoperative astigmatism.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.