Patients with HIV have an increased incidence of abnormal cervical cytological changes. This casecontrol study (30 cases, 30 controls) was aimed at demonstrating these findings. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic pre-menopausal women of 20-50 years were included in the study. Conventional Pap smears were taken and examined by cytopathologists. HIV cases had more incidence of abnormal cervical cytology (13 cases, 43.33%) than their sero-negative counterparts (5 cases, 16.67%).Out of the 13 cases, 2(6.66%) had LSIL and 1(3.33%) was with ASC-US, specific infections with coccobacilli, T. vaginalis and Candida was found in a total of 5 samples (16.67%) against only 1 t. vaginalis infection (3.33%) in the control group. Reparative changes (squamous metaplasia) was seen in 5 cases (16.67%) of the HIV positive group and in 2 cases (6.66%) in the control group. There was no case of malignancy in the HIV positive group, in contrast to the HIV negative control group which presented a single case of malignancy and another case of HSIL. The study showed that HIV infection was associated with an increased incidence of opportunistic infections along with dysplasias of the cervix. The cases with Dysplasia should be followed up to screen for malignant transformation.
Serotonin causes a significant shift in the excitability of neurons and endogenous serotonin and drugs acting on serotonergic receptors play a role in pathogenesis of epilepsy. This study was done to study the effect of Mosapride, a serotonin receptor 5HT4 agonist, in animal models of epilepsy. Albino Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups with six animals in each group. Group 1 was control group, group 2 was standard group and group 3, 4 and 5 received test drug mosapride in low dose (3mg/kg), high dose (6mg/kg) and mosapride plus standard antiepileptic drug respectively. The antiepileptic efficacy was evaluated using Maximal Electroshock Seizure model (MES) and Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced convulsions. Data was analysed using ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukeys test. Mosapride treated animals showed statistically significant decrease (p<0.001) in the duration of flexion, hind limb extension and post ictal depression in MES model which was comparable to phenytoin group. In PTZ model, mosapride alone did not show any significant difference as compared to control group in terms of latency and duration of seizures (p>0.05). The antiepileptic efficacy of mosapride is similar to phenytoin in MES model. However, in PTZ model mosapride did not show any beneficial antiepileptic effect
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