Targeting cellular clearance function in brain cells provides new opportunities for the prevention of dementia by clearance of potentially dangerous molecules. Herein, we present a new approach to enhancing neuroactive and neuroprotective activities in a neuronal cell line using ferric−tannic nanoparticles (FTs). Major biological functions mediated by FTs were clearly found to promote neuronal tube growth through the activation of axon guidance pathways. A number of neuronal tubes were found to increase under stimulation of amyloid beta-peptides, oxidative stress, and serum deprivation. The neuronal tubes generated play a role in clearing debris and amyloid beta-peptides. Another key function in cellular clearance mediated by FTs was their capability of inducing autophagy with the activation of lysosomes. Therefore, FTs are a promising new strategy for brain cell protection through the activation of the cellular clearance function. Hopefully, our findings will pave the way for the development of new methods for the prevention and therapy of dementia.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanopowder was prepared by the low temperature solvothermal route with starting chemicals containing titanium isopropoxide, ammonium hydroxide, nitric acid and ethanol in a PTFE–lined autoclave. The final pH of the mixed solution was 1 and treated at 100 °C for 2–6 h. The white precipitated was filtered and dried in an oven at 80 °C for 24 h. The phase transition was characterized by X–ray diffractometer (XRD). Single phase anatase structure was obtained without calcination step. The morphology and particle size of TiO2nanopowder was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The average of TiO2nanopowder size was 80–120 nm. The average particle size increased with temperature and time increased. The photocatalytic degradation of methomyl in natural water was studied by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The percentage of methomyl was decreased in the presence of 34, 23 and 24 over TiO2nanopowder prepared by the low temperature solvothermal route at 100 °C for 2, 4 and 6 h, respectively.
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