The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a French version of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ) (Troyer & Rich, 2002). The MMQ, which is suited to clinical and research purposes, evaluates subjective memory functioning (i.e., affect related to memory abilities, frequency of problems remembering in different situations, and strategy use in everyday life). The questionnaire was administered to 294 French adult or elderly subjects (46–94 years old). The results allowed us to conclude that the French version of this scale is psychometrically sound. Indeed, the scores proved to be highly reliable (Cronbach's α for the subscales ranged from 0.79 to 0.88) and correlated in the expected directions with measures of other constructs (correlation coefficients ranged from −0.34 to 0.39). Convergent validity evidence for MMQ scores was provided by their statistically significant positive correlations (from 0.56 to 0.73) with several dimensions of the Metamemory in Adulthood scale (MIA) (i.e., the anxiety, change, capacity and strategy dimensions). However, the three-factor model found in the original version was not validated here. An exploratory factor analysis revealed that a four-factor solution offered the most interpretable pattern for the factor scores. Two of the dimensions proposed by Troyer and Rich (2002) were replicated: ability and contentment. The third subscale (strategy) was divided into two factors: internal strategies and external strategies.

Changes in coping over the lifespan reflect the effectiveness with which a person's adaptive processes deal with age-associated changes in self-referred beliefs and environment perception.

Purpose -This study examined the relationship between job search self-efficacy, employment goals, job search planning, job search behaviors and effort allocated to job search. We expected that employment goals would mediate the effect of job search self-efficacy on job search planning, job search behaviors and effort allocated to job search.Design / methodology / approach -One hundred participants completed measures of these concepts.Findings -Regression analyses did not confirm our hypotheses. Contrary to expectations, employment goals did not mediate the path between self-efficacy, job search planning, job search behaviors and effort allocated to job search. Instead, self-efficacy directly influenced job search planning and job search behaviors. Results are discussed with reference to previous studies and to methodological choices.Originality / value -Few studies have investigated the effect of self-efficacy on goals in job search domain."Self-efficacy" refers to the belief that one is capable of achieving one's goals. This concept has been studied in several domains, including cognition, health and counseling. In the latter, Lent, Brown and Hackett (1994) incorporated self-efficacy into a model they called Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT). Roughly speaking, this model postulates that self-efficacy Jobless men and women: A comparative analysis of job search intensity, attitudes toward unemployment and related responses"

The present study aimed not only to confirm the paths between theory of planned behavior variables and job search intention with a French sample, but also to test the moderating effects of job search experience and two personality dimensions (extraversion and conscientiousness) on these paths. One hundred and fifty-four participants rated these concepts on a series of scales. Results showed that the theory of planned behavior variables were significantly related to job search intention, and that extraversion and conscientiousness moderated the paths between attitude and job search intention. Results are discussed with reference to the literature and their practical implications. Unemployment is associated with lower levels of psychological health, lower levels of physical health, and an increased risk of suicide (Wanberg, 2012). This underscores the importance of investigating the determinants of successful job seeking in order to develop interventions that will help individuals find work. One relevant theory in this area is the theory of planned behavior (TPB) developed by Ajzen (1991). TPB states that intention is the proximal determinant of behavior, and is itself determined by three variables (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control). Azjen (1991) defines intention as the extent to which an individual is willing to try to perform a behavior, or the effort that he or she plans to allocate to performing that behavior. Attitude refers to the positive or negative evaluation of job seeking, and subjective norm to the perception of social pressure to perform (or not to perform) a behavior, and the desire to comply with that pressure. Perceived behavioral control is defined as "the perceived ease or difficulty of performing the behavior" (Ajzen, 2002, p. 665). According to Ajzen (1991), perceived behavioral control is compatible with the concept of self-efficacy (Bandura, 1997), which refers to "judgments of how well one can execute courses of action required to deal with prospective situations" (Bandura, 1982, p. 122) . Job search and the theory of planned behaviorTPB has been applied to job seeking, with researchers investigating the relationships between job search attitude, subjective norm, job search self-efficacy, intention to search for a job, and job search behaviors

The goal of the current paper is to review the literature on the relationships between perceived control and episodic memory throughout adulthood. More specifically, three major questions are pursued: (1) Are higher levels of perceived control related to better memory performance? (2) Is the relationship between perceived control and memory similar or different as a function of age? (3) Does perceived control moderate memory decline? Although there is a great deal of evidence that perceived control and episodic memory are positively related in adulthood, the current review showed that very few studies have investigated whether age moderated this relationship. Moreover, only a limited number of studies have explored the role of perceived control in memory decline, and the results are inconsistent. We suggest some avenues for future research that could help understand by which mechanisms, and under what circumstances, perceived control and episodic memory are related across the lifespan.