Background
Exercises are used to treat temporomandibular disorders (TMD), but they are often assessed with other therapies. Local endurance exercises may alter the resistance to fatigue and pain.
Objective
To assess the effects of an 8‐week protocol of local endurance exercises of masticatory muscles on muscle excitation, force response, perceived pain and over muscle efficiency.
Design
Randomised controlled trial.
Setting
Ambulatory care.
Subjects
In a placebo randomised controlled trial, 46 women with TMD and oro‐facial pain were randomised into intervention group and placebo group. The intervention group received a protocol of biting endurance exercises, controlled by biofeedback. The placebo group received a placebo (simulated laser therapy).
Main Outcome Measures
The primary outcomes were collected at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Pain was assessed through visual analogue scale (VAS) and pressure pain thresholds (PPT). Bite force was collected by a load cell synchronised with surface electromyography of masticatory muscles, bilaterally.
Results
Pain scores decreased for both groups, but the intervention group showed lower values at 8 weeks. No differences were noted between groups for PPT, but the results increased for both overtime. Time until fatigue and muscle efficiency were higher in the intervention group vs placebo group in both within‐ and between‐subject analysis. Force increased from 4 to 8 weeks in the PG, without differences between groups. Temporal muscle excitation was higher on 8 weeks compared with baseline for the intervention group, without differences between groups.
Conclusion
Eight‐week exercise protocol of muscle endurance alleviates the pain and improves the resistance to fatigue and muscle efficiency in TMD subjects.
Background. It is well known that periods of inactivity generate a loss of muscle strength, a fundamental component of sports performance in soccer. However, little information is available on the decrease in strength levels in professional soccer players after the quarantine lockdown that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim. To compare the isokinetic peak torque profiles of professional soccer players from different teams before and after the quarantine period generated by COVID-19. Methods. A retrospective observational study was performed using data collected from two different professional elite-level soccer teams just before and immediately after the COVID-19 quarantine period. One team gave individual instructions to its players for conditioning maintenance at home during the quarantine period, while the other team used regular video calls to maintain the player’s conditioning status on home training. The main outcomes were the mean peak torque of knee extensors and flexors, from concentric and eccentric contractions of each playing position. Analysis. A two-way ANOVA analysis was used to compare peak torque before and after the quarantine period and between both teams’ strategies, showing a statistically significant reduction in eccentric knee flexor peak torque from the team that did not have remote monitoring. Conclusions. Remote monitoring programs are recommended so that athletes are less affected by the deleterious effects of confinement.
Objective: To examine the selective influences of distinct acceleration profiles on the neuromuscular efficiency, force, and power during concentric and eccentric phases of isoinertial squatting exercise. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory of the university. Participants: A total of 38 active adults were divided according to their acceleration profiles: higher (n = 17; >2.5 m/s2) and lower acceleration group (n = 21; <2.5 m/s2). Intervention: All subjects performed squats until failure attached to an isoinertial conic pulley device monitored by surface electromyography of rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus. Main Outcome Measures: An incremental optical encoder was used to assess maximal and mean power and force during concentric and eccentric phases. The neuromuscular efficiency was calculated using the mean force and the electromyographic linear envelope. Results: Between-group differences were observed for the maximal and mean force (Prange = .001–.005), power (P = .001), and neuromuscular efficiency (Prange = .001–.03) with higher significant values for the higher acceleration group in both concentric and eccentric phases. Conclusion: Distinct acceleration profiles affect the neuromuscular efficiency, force, and power during concentric and eccentric phases of isoinertial squatting exercise. To ensure immediate higher levels of power and force output without depriving the neuromuscular system, acceleration profiles higher than 2.5 m/s2 are preferable. The acceleration profiles could be an alternative to evolve the isoinertial exercise.
Purpose. This study assessed the isometric torque, hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio, and jump performance among three age groups of soccer players. Methods. 67 male players were divided by chronological age into the under-17 (U17: n = 29), under-20 (U20: n = 22), and above-20-year (PRO: n = 16) groups. They performed countermovement (CMJ) and squat (SJ) jumps. Also, maximal isometric contractions during knee flexion and extension for right (R-TOR) and left limb (L-TOR) torque were assessed. Hamstrings-quadriceps (H:Q) and CMJ:SJ ratios were determined. Results. Compared with U17 and U20, PRO showed higher CMJ ( = 20% and 14%; both p < 0.01) and SJ ( = 19% and 13%; p < 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively), and higher absolute R-TOR and L-TOR during knee extension ( = 40% and 58%; both p < 0.01). PRO exhibited higher absolute L-TOR and R-TOR during knee flexion than U17 ( = 22% and 26%; p = 0.04 and p < 0.01, respectively). Between-group differences were not detected in normalized torque, except for knee extension R-TOR (PRO > U17; p = 0.04). Greater differences for quadriceps absolute torque (effect size: 1.37-1.46) were observed in the hamstrings (effect size: 0.30-0.92) between PRO and U17. No differences were found for any H:Q torque ratio, but moderate effect sizes (0.71-0.75) were verified between PRO and the other groups. No differences were found for CMJ:SJ ratio. Conclusions. PRO players are more powerful than U17 and U20. Differences in strength level between PRO and U17/U20 are muscle-dependent. The larger strength development of quadriceps over hamstrings can result in lower isometric H:Q torque ratio for PRO.
INTRODUÇÃO: O treinamento resistido tem se tornado cada vez mais popular, sendo amplamente utilizado por indivíduos de diferentes níveis de treinamento, faixas etárias e gênero, além de ser preconizado para alcançar diferentes metas e objetivos físicos. Os exercícios com ênfase na fase excêntrica têm sido frequentemente utilizados no treinamento resistido, na reabilitação e nas ações de prevenção de lesões nas mais diversas populações, incluindo atletas. O treinamento isoinercial tem demonstrado evidente potencial como ferramenta eficaz para reabilitação de lesões musculares devido aos seus efeitos positivos de treinamento. As melhorias em força, hipertrofia, ativação muscular e comprimento do músculo levam a adaptações positivas e recuperação muscular. Um treinamento de força funcional e eficiente associado a incrementos de desempenho usando um dispositivo isoinercial deve incluir a medição da potência durante as fases concêntrica e excêntrica. Esta saída de controle de potência torna-se mais importante durante a reabilitação devido ao risco de sobrecarregar as estruturas músculo-esqueléticas e possível chance de nova lesão. No entanto, existem algumas dificuldades técnicas para adquirir dados de potência e força de dispositivos isoinerciais. Como a sobrecarga do sistema é baseada na inércia, a aceleração está intimamente ligada à produção de força e potência durante tarefas isoinerciais. Uma alternativa para caracterizar tal sobrecarga é avaliar as diferenças entre os perfis de aceleração superior e inferior. Dada a escassez de estudos associando os parâmetros supracitados, as demandas biomecânicas de cada fase devem ser examinadas para integrar adequadamente o treinamento resistido isoinercial como mecanismo de sobrecarga. OBJETIVO: Examinar as influências seletivas de perfis de aceleração distintos na eficiência neuromuscular, força e potência durante as fases concêntrica e excêntrica do exercício de agachamento isoinercial. DESENHO: Estudo transversal PARTICIPANTES: Um total de 38 adultos ativos foram divididos de acordo com seus perfis de aceleração: grupo de alto perfil de aceleração (H-ACC) (n = 17;> 2,5 m / s2) e grupo de baixo perfil aceleração (H-ACC) (n = 21; <2,5 m / s2). METODOLOGIA: Todos os indivíduos realizaram agachamentos até falha anexada a um dispositivo de polia cônica isoinercial monitorado por eletromiografia de superfície do reto femoral, vasto medial, vasto lateral, bíceps femoral e semitendíneo. Um codificador óptico incremental foi usado para avaliar a potência e a força máxima e média durante as fases concêntrica e excêntrica. A eficiência neuromuscular foi calculada por meio da força média e do envelope eletromiográfico linear. RESULTAODS: Diferenças entre os grupos foram observadas para a força máxima e média (Prange = .001 – .005), potência (P = .001) e eficiência neuromuscular (Prange = .001 – .03) com valores significativos mais altos para o grupo de maior aceleração nas fases concêntrica e excêntrica. CONCLUSÃO: Perfis de aceleração distintos afetam a eficiência neuromuscular, força e potência durante as fases concêntrica e excêntrica do exercício de agachamento isoinercial. Para garantir níveis mais altos imediatos de potência e produção de força sem privar o sistema neuromuscular, perfis de aceleração superiores a 2,5 m / s2 são preferíveis. Os perfis de aceleração podem ser uma alternativa para evoluir o exercício isoinercial.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.