Institución donde se llevó a cabo el trabajo: Instituto Materno-Infantil, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia La acidemia propiónica es un error innato del metabolismo de herencia autosómica recesiva, causada por la deficiencia de la enzima propionil CoA carboxilasa, que cataliza la conversión de propionil CoA a malonil CoA. Es la principal causa de hiperglicinemia cetósica. En el período neonatal se manifiesta comúnmente con vómito, dificultad en la alimentación, hipotonía, letargia, acidosis metabólica, cetosis e hiperamonemia. Se presenta el caso de una recién nacida con cuadro clínico de encefalopatía asociada a hipoglucemia, cetonuria, hiperamonemia, acidosis metabólica con anión gap aumentado, anemia, leucopenia y trombocitopenia en quien se diagnosticó una acidemia orgánica mediante espectrometría de masas en tándem. Existían antecedentes de consanguinidad entre los padres, de un aborto, un mortinato y tres muertes neonatales, sugestivo de enfermedad genética.Palabras clave: recién nacido, encefalopatías, cuerpos cetónicos, hiperamonemia, espectrometría de masas en tándem. Neonatal onset of organic acidemia (propionic) diagnosed by tandem mass spectrometryPropionic acidemia is an autosomal recessive disorder as a result of a deficient activity of propionyl-CoA carboxylase. Propionyl CoA is metabolized by propionyl-CoA carboxylase to methylmalonyl CoA. Propionic acidemia is a major cause of ketotic hyperglycinemia. This disorder is characterized by episodic vomiting, dehydratation, feeding intolerante, lethargy, hypotonia, metabolic acidosis, ketosis and hyperammonemia. The patient presented herein was a full-term female newborn with encephalopathy in the first days of life. She presented hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap, ketosis, hyperammonemia, anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. The brain ultrasonography was normal. The tandem mass expectrometry done by Pediatrix was abnormal, with the acylcarnitine results consistent with an organic acidemia. The parents are consanguineus and have a history of abortus, miscarriage and neonatal death, characteristics suggestive of the presence of genetic defects.
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