This study was intended to analyze pedagogic projects of undergraduate courses in Nursing, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, and Medicine in the Federal University of Sao Paulo, in order to appraise the contents of patient safety teaching in those courses. The study is of descriptive and exploratory nature using as strategy a documental review. The documents analyzed were the Pedagogic Projects of the courses. The teaching contents on patient safety were found to be fragmented, without the depth and conceptual scope recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Each course highlights the specific topics related to the pretended formative process. Inserting and trying to unify the contents on patient safety is still in its beginning in Brazilian schools and it is not present in the educational objectives. There is a need of reviewing the curricula using an interdisciplinary and trans disciplinary approach to develop this topic. IntroductionFuture professionals face ever-growing challenges in all areas of training, with great complexity and importance not only according to the contents of what is taught in Universities, but specially for what is the aim of this activity: a student with an adequate education. Not withstanding these growing challenges, the university structure is still based in an educational practice based in traditional principles, thus causing an imbalance between the discursive statements, the daily practice, and the demands in the human and professional training field 1 .The need to communicate complex albeit important knowledge to students, relevant within and to professional practice, has promoted a debate about the kind of knowledge needed and basic for the professional practice in different areas of activity, and specifically in health. This debate concludes in the need of developing a curriculum that may be conducive to let the educational subjects to build significant knowledge, developing diverse competencies and skills and helping to train reflective professionals with criticism in order to exert leadership and aiming to community welfare 2 .From an historical point of view, the curriculum is power, place and territory of subjects and programmatic contents, defined among other factors through ideological biases of the faculty of each discipline 1,3 .Nevertheless, contemporaneity and the educational transformations it carries in itself, are to be considered in order to deal with the technological, pharmacological, political, social and health care transformations, that force to rethink contents for a curriculum that may include whatever may be needed to be known by the students.These curricula must be designed to foster critical and reflective thinking and a transformational practice 4 .In this context, both teachers and practitioners involved in activities directly in contact with patients have debated in Brazil and in the international milieu about the education of these future professionals and how to prepare them for a safe practice in the daily patient care 5 . COMUNICAÇÃO ...

AIM: To establish whether there is any relationship between the work environment and nursing leadership at intensive care units (ICUs). METHOD: Correlational study conducted at four ICUs in southern São Paulo (SP), Brazil. The study population was comprised of 66 pairs (nurses and nursing technicians) established by lottery. The nurses responded to three instruments: 1) characterization; 2) a validated Portuguese version of the Nursing Work Index Revised (B-NWI-R); and 3) Grid & Leadership in Nursing: ideal behavior. The nursing technicians responded to 1) characterization and to 2) Grid and Leadership in Nursing: actual behavior, relative to the corresponding randomly-assigned nurse. The data were analyzed by means of analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: The work environment was not associated with actual nursing leadership (p = 0.852). The public or private nature of the institutions where the investigated ICUs were located had no significant effect on leadership (p = 0.437). Only the nurse-physician relationship domain stood out (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The choice of leadership styles by nurses should match the ICU characteristics. Leadership skills could be developed, and the work environment did not exert any influence on the investigated population.

Objective: to analyze the evidence available in the literature on the contributions of the Supervised Internship in nursing training in Brazil and the teaching-learning methods employed. Method: integrative review of the literature, with search of articles published between 2002 and 2016, in PubMed, LILACS, SciELO and Eric databases. Results: Of the 4,699 articles consulted, 14 met the inclusion criteria. The analysis of these studies revealed three thematic categories: the understanding about the role of Supervised Internship; the teaching-learning processes employed; and their contributions to the training of nurses. Final considerations: this is a fundamental element in the academic training, since, depending on the didactic-pedagogical organization, it makes possible the (re) signifi cation of the acquired knowledge throughout the course and realizes the professional competences. The teaching-learning methods are structured by the critical pedagogy, being the active methodologies the main choices of the authors. Descriptors: Teaching; Learning; Nursing Education; Internships; Higher Education. RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre as contribuições do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado na formação em enfermagem no Brasil e os métodos de ensino-aprendizagem empregados. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, com busca de artigos publicados entre os anos de 2002 a 2016, nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, SciELO e Eric. Resultados: Dos 4.699 artigos consultados, 14 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A análise desses estudos revelou três categorias temáticas: a compreensão acerca do papel do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado; os processos de ensino-aprendizagem empregados; e suas contribuições para a formação do enfermeiro. Considerações fi nais: é um elemento fundamental na formação acadêmica, pois, dependendo da organização didático-pedagógica, possibilita a ressignifi cação dos conhecimentos adquiridos ao longo do curso e concretiza as competências profi ssionais. Os métodos de ensino-aprendizagem estão estruturados pela pedagogia crítica, sendo as metodologias ativas as principais escolhas dos autores. Descritores: Ensino; Aprendizagem; Educação em Enfermagem; Estágios; Ensino Superior. RESUMENObjetivo: analizar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura sobre las contribuciones de la Etapa Curricular Supervisionado en la formación en Enfermería en Brasil, y los métodos de enseñanza-aprendizaje empleados. Método: la revisión integrativa de la literatura, con búsqueda de artículos publicados entre los años 2002 a 2016, en las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS, SciELO y Eric. Resultados: De los 4.699 artículos consultados, 14 atendieron a los criterios de inclusión. El análisis de estos estudios reveló tres categorías temáticas: la comprensión acerca del papel de la Etapa Curricular Supervisada; los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje empleados; y sus contribuciones a la formación del enfermero. Consideraciones fi nales: es un elemento fundamental en la formación académ...

We created a new soft-hard technology based on the validity evidence of contents according to experts of the five regions of Brazil.

Objective: To verify the association of authentic leadership with the personal and professional profile of nurses. Methods: A correlational study, conducted in a tertiary hospital. Data collection occurred from October to December of 2014. Participants included 69 nurses who had worked more than two years in the institution.

Objective: To develop the professional competency profile for the nurse working in emergency services. Methods: A descriptive exploratory study based on a Brazilian Competency Matrix, aligned to the market trends, to the particularities of emergency nursing, previous studies and the opinion of experts who determined whether the actions were appropriate for satisfactory performance of nurses in the mentioned area. Results: Based on the basic skills and their associated competences, as indicated in the Matrix, we described 56 attitudes/behaviors represented by actions that identified a satisfactory performance of emergency. These attitudes/behaviors, designated as identifying issues, generated the Professional Competency profile that was assessed as appropriate for nurses. Conclusion: The Competency Profile that should be expressed by nurses working in emergency services allows describing their level of competence and helps them achieve the desired excellence with a high-level practice. The psychometric phase is related to assessing behaviors and focuses the principles to be observed in relation to the theoretical procedures. ResumoObjetivo: Propor o Perfil de Competência profissional do enfermeiro em emergências. Métodos: Estudo descritivo exploratório balizado por uma Matriz de Competência brasileira, alinhado às tendências do mercado, às particularidades da Enfermagem em emergências, a estudos existentes e a opinião de experts que consideraram se as ações eram próprias ao desempenho competente do enfermeiro na área considerada. Resultados: A partir das Competências Básicas e respectivas Competências Associadas indicadas na Matriz houve a descrição de 56 atitudes/comportamentos representadas por ações capazes de identificar o desempenho competente do enfermeiro em emergências. Estas atitudes/comportamentos, designadas de Questões Identificadoras, geraram o Perfil de Competência desse profissional avaliado como apropriado por enfermeiros. Conclusão: O Perfil de Competência a ser expresso pelos enfermeiros que atuam em serviços de emergência permite descrever o seu nível de competência e contribui para que eles atinjam a excelência desejada mostrando uma prática de alto nível. A etapa da psicometria está relacionada com a avaliação de comportamentos e aponta os princípios que devem ser observados em relação aos procedimentos teóricos.

Objetive: To analyse out-of-pocket payments (OOP) by health insurance company in hospital bills. Method: Cross-sectional study with quantitative approach. The information was obtained in the database of a health insurance company in the north of Paraná State and categorised into administrative and technical OOP. We analysed reports regarding OOP made in eight hospitals of the accredited network company, from 2013 to 2015. Results: The analysed data totalled 36 thousand items paid out-of-pocket. The highest OOP rates occurred in hospital 1 (67.6%); emergency room service (50.1%); time of hospitalization, ≤ 1 day (70.8%) and medical-hospital materials (59.2%). The year with the highest rates of administrative (54.51%) and technical (48.05%) OOP was 2013. Conclusion: We concluded that OOP are indicators for the institutions to check the critical topics to be improved and that managers must work on originator aspects of OOP, to prevent greater loss.

Objetivo: Verificar la relación entre el ambiente laboral y el liderazgo del enfermero. Método: Revisión integrativa de la literatura cuyo inventario fue llevado a cabo en las bases de datos LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL y en el portal de revistas SciELO, en el perío-do de enero a abril de 2013. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: indexación en el perío-do de 2006 a 2013, que trabajase la relación entre el ambiente laboral y el liderazgo ejercido por el enfermero en la conducción de su equipo y que estuviese disponible en los idiomas inglés, español y portugués. Resultados: La muestra se constituyó de 12 artículos que atendieron a los criterios planteados. Conclusión: Los resultados muestran que el liderazgo causa impacto en el ambiente laboral. Sin embargo, no se encontraron estudios que mostrasen la influencia del ambiente laboral en el liderazgo del enfermero.