The Garga-Sarali granitoids outcrop in form of large slabs and undistorted large blocks, into a schisto-gneissic basement. These rocks contain mainly muscovite and microcline, followed by K-feldspar, quartz, biotite, pyroxene, zircon and oxides, with coarse-grained to fine-grained textures. Geochemical analysis show that it belongs to differentiated rocks group (granodiorite-granite) with high SiO2 (up to 72 wt%) contents. Their genesis was made from a process of partial melting and fractional crystallization. These rocks are classified as belonging to I- and S-Type, meta-peraluminous, shoshonitic granites; belonging to the domain of volcanic arcs. The rare earth elements patterns suggest a source enriched of incompatible elements. The Nb-Ta and Ti negative anomalies from the multi-element patterns are characteristics of the subduction domains.
Alkaline volcanic activities occurred in the Mt Cameroon at the ocean-continent boundary of the Cameroon Line. It is characterized by a volcanic association of alkali basalts and hawaiites extruded during the late Miocene to Recent times. The major and trace element geochemistry of the Mt Cameroon are consistent with the fractional crystallization of olivine ± clinopyroxene ± plagioclase (± amphibole). Petrographical and mineralogical study reveals the presence of xenocryts (olivine, clinopyroxene and spinel) in Mt Cameroon basalts. Their composition are similar to xenoliths and rocks crystals and they come from cumulates formed in the upper lithospheric mantle. Mt Cameroon magmas were generated near the boundary of garnet and spinel mantle stability domains (60-75 km depth), at the base of the lithospheric mantle that the compositions of the Mt Cameroon magmas are consistent with derivation from a infralithospheric mantle that was metasomatised by carbonatite melts. Basaltic volcanism in the Mt Cameroon occurred probably as a result of minor plume activity coupled with lithospheric extension.
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