Pogostemon cablin benth is an economic source of farmer communities which are presence in several provinces in Indonesia. In general, the production and quality of the Pogostemon cablin benth produced by the farmers are still low or under the standard ISO. The chelating method, the influence of pH and adsorption method with activated carbon and montmorilonite were carried out to improve the production and quality of Pogostemon cablin benth. The results show that the production and the quality tends to be better proved by the color changes to yellow bright, reduced metal contents and an increase in Pogostemon cablin benth .
Heterocycles are the largest family of organic compounds due to their wide applications as therapeutic agents, synthetic intermediates, scaffolds, building blocks or fine chemicals. Heterocyclic compounds are continuously used in material science, biotechnology, pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. In the past few years, the use of transition metal complexes especially palladium as a heterogeneous catalyst has become a trend for the synthesis of various organic compounds. Pd-catalyzed reactions have proven to be effective ways for synthesising a variety of heterocyclic compounds, which are a popular class of molecules in chemical study. Hence, in this review we have discussed the palladium catalyzed synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds i,e. furan, indole, quinoline, coumarin and some other heterocycle derivatives.
Preparation of silver immobilized TiO2-Hectorite and its application in phenol photooxidation and Eschericia coli bacteria desinfection has been conducted. Material was obtained by two steps of synthesis: preparation of TiO2-Hectorite and silver immobilization into TiO2-Hectorite. Physico-chemical characterization to the prepared material compared to raw hectorite was conducted by X-ray Diffraction, gas sorption analyzer, scanning electron microscope and DRUV-Visible spectrophotometry and for photoactivity study, phenol photo-oxidation and Eschericia coli desinfection were investigated. The results indicated that the modification to hectorite material improve the physico-chemical character related to its role as photo-catalyst. Kinetic study of phenol photooxidation revealed the role of TiO2 pillarization and silver immobilization in enhancing rate of reaction as well as increased photoactivity of the materials in E. coli desinfection.
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