The numerical studies of gas-solid two phase flow in a rectangular riser are carried out and evaluated. Eulerian-Eulerian approach using kinetic theory of granular flow is utilised in the simulation. Syamlal et al. drag model is utilised to calculate the energy exchange between gas and solid phase. Radial distribution model of Syamlal et al. and the restitution coefficient of 0.7 are used to predict the hydrodynamics flow in the riser. The simulation is carried out from 0 s to 40 s using time steps of 0.00015 s and on a single computer. The comparisons of numerical results with experimental data are made using lateral profiles of the solid phase velocity and the gas volume fraction. The simulation result overestimates the experimental value due to the coarse nature of the grid and probably due to uncertainties of the inlet flow properties.
The domination of coal-fired power plant as power generation due to its feasibility to ensure a stable supply of electricity to customer. Unfortunately, the use of coal as power plant fuel faces an issue of air pollution. Some efforts have been proposed to make the operated coal-fired power plant meeting the environmental regulations. One of the most potential ways to solve the problem is by improving the coal-fired power plant efficiency and then equate to a greenhouse gas reduction. Thus, heat balance simulation of coal-fired power plant which operates in different conditions have to be studied in order to analyse the power plant performance. In this paper, the heat balance of a 315 MW low rank coal-fired power plant is simulated by Cycle-Tempo. The simulations are carried out for several different operation conditions of the power plant. The Heat Rate will increase of 3.66% when all HPH are on off-duty while it increases by 2.63% when all LPH are on off-duty. Furthermore, the increasing of Superheater temperature of 5 °C will decrease the Heat Rate of 0.59% and it will decrease of 0.39% when the temperature of Reheater increases of 5 °C.
The electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive technique to study electrical brain activity (while brain is performing a cognitive task). The electrical brain activity is a complex process of electrical propagation because the brain structure is an incredibly complex structure. This complex structure leads to different conductivity property in term of its magnitude and orientation, called anisotropic conductivity. Using Maxwell's equations, the electrical brain activity has been studied intensively. For simplification, the quasistatic Maxwell's equations are used to model the electrical brain activity and it leads to deal with a Poisson's equation. In this research, a feasibility study of using a new method, called Operator Splitting Method (OSM), to solve anisotropic 2-Dimensional (2D) Poisson's equation is performed. A freeware of finite element method (FEM), FreeFEM++, is employed to build matrices used in the OSM algorithm. The OSM algorithm which is written in Matlab is then tested to solve anisotropic 2D Laplace's equation and anisotropic Poisson's equation with dipolar source. Afterwards, the OSM solutions are validated by using exact solution and direct numerical solution. By using L2-Error Norm, the convergence rate of the OSM algorithm is then analyzed. Some numerical experiments have been performed to test the performance of the OSM algorithm. The OSM solution of anisotropic 2D Laplace's equation coincide with the exact and direct numerical solution of the problem. For anisotropic 2D Poisson's equation with dipolar source, some similar results has been obtained too. The pattern of the OSM solutions are similar to the pattern of direct numerical solutions of the problem. The results arise a hope to attempt implementing the OSM algorithm for more complex problem such as a realistic human head model.
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