Interference is the use of other language elements by individual bilingual languages. Several researchers have researched interference, but no one has examined the interference with Covid-19 as an object. This study aims to describe the forms of English language phonological, morphological, and syntactic interference to the Japanese language. This study used a qualitative descriptive research method, with data sources in the form of vocabulary or terms during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study indicated that the phonological interference forms found are phoneme addition, phoneme insertion, and phoneme substitution, which are caused by differences in syllables. The morphological and syntax interference in the form of compound words and phrases caused by differences in the class of terms that form between the two languages.

AbstrakTindak tutur adalah aktivitas mengujarkan tuturan dengan maksud tertentu. Penelitian mengenai tindak tutur telah banyak dilakukan oleh peneliti sebelumnya, namun jumlahnya masih terbatas yang mengkaji mengenai tindak tutur di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai jenis-jenis tindak tutur di media sosial Instagram pada masa Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan pragmatik dengan teori tindak tutur Searle (1979). Metode yang digunakan berupa deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan dari hasil analisis data, peneliti menemukan 3 jenis tindak tutur, yaitu 1) Tindak tutur direktif dengan implikatur membujuk dan menyemangati; 2) Tindak tutur representatif dengan implikatur memerintah dan memberi tantangan; 3) Tindak tutur ekspresif dengan implikatur menyemangati.Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Pragmatik, Tindak tutur  AbstractSpeech act is the activity of uttering speech with a specific purpose. Research on speech acts has been done by many researchers before, but the number is still limited that reviewed the speech acts during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study discussed the types of speech acts on Instagram social media during the Covid-19 period. This study used a pragmatic approach with Searle's speech act theory (1979). The method used is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of data analysis, researcher found that 3 types of speech acts, namely 1) Directive speech acts with the implicature of persuading and encouraging; 2) Representative speech acts with the implicature of commanding and challenging; 3) Expressive speech acts with the implicature of encouraging.Keywords: Covid-19, Pragmatic, Speech act

Polisemi (tagigo) adalah kata yang memiliki makna lebih dari satu. Dalam bahasa Jepang, terdapat banyak kata yang berpolisemi, seperti pada verba kakeru かける. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan makna yang terdapat pada verba kakeru かける serta hubungan antara makna dasar verba kakeru かける dengan makna perluasannya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengambil kalimat yang mengandung verba kakeru かける yang diambil dari sumber data berupa novel berbahasa Jepang yang berjudul batsugeemu バツゲーム. Data dianalisis dengan menentukan klasifikasi makna verba kakeru かける. Kemudian, hubungan antara makna yang dimiliki verba kakeru かける dideskripsikan dengan menganalisis gaya bahasa yang menentukan perluasan maknanya. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa terdapat 6 perluasan makna pada verba kakeru かける yaitu 1) memanggil; 2) memakai; 3) Menelepon; 4) berbicara; 5) menghabiskan/melakukan; 6) meletakkan; 7) perasaan. Adapun makna perluasannya terjadi secara metafora, metonimi, dan sinekdoke.

Transformational Generative Phonology is a phonological theory that treats the distinguishing feature as the smallest unit and connects the distinguishing features and lexicons with phonological rules. This research has been conducted by several previous researchers, but study regarding the object in the Covid-19 pandemic is still limited. The purpose of this study was to explain the phonological process and phonological rules of foreign loan words into Japanese using transformational generative phonological approach. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Sources of the data were obtained from vocabularies or terms that appeared during the Covid-19 period. The results of this study indicated that there were six phonological rules which include, 1) the addition of the phoneme [u] at the end of words; 2) the addition of the phoneme [o] at the end of the word; 3) Addition of phoneme [u] in the middle of the word, 4) Addition of phoneme [o] in the middle of the word; 5) Addition of phoneme [k] at the end of the word, and; 6) Substitution of phoneme [l] to [r]. So that the implementation of this research was to create a rule to make it easier for foreign learners of Japanese to understand the sound changes that occur in Japanese lingual units.

Abstract. Conceptual metaphors are the result of mental construction, conceptualization of the experience of human life. In Japanese, metaphorical features are often found in conveying information so that information can be easily understood. This study aimed to describe the conceptual metaphors found at the Japanese Prime Minister's Press Conference, Shinzo Abe on March 14 and 28, 2020 through the official website kantei.go.jp. The research method used was descriptive qualitative analysis. Data were collected by taking text that contained metaphorical elements and then selected. Data selection was based on the basic principle of metaphor, which was the mapping from the source domain to the target domain. Then the data were classified based on the type of metaphor by Lakoff and Johnson and the type of image scheme by Cruse and Croft. Based on the study done, there were three types of conceptual metaphors, 1) Structural metaphors with conceptuals meaning of enemy, medical treatment, control, and mind; 2) Orientational metaphors with conceptual meaning of disadvantage, and approval; 3) Ontological metaphors with conceptuals meaning of finance, and emotion. In addition, there were also six types of image schemes, namely the image scheme of Strength, Existence, Identity, Scale, Space, and Unity.Keywords: Conceptual Meaning, Press Conference, Cognitive Semantic, Image Scheme