The article is devoted to a study of economic imperatives of alterglobalization from the point of view of various scientific schools. The indicators of global development are analysed and the idea of free market self-stabilization has been verified in the context of the implementation of the Washington Consensus. The research is focused on the basic critical remarks to the processes of globalization, in particular on the phenomena of capital outflow and non-competitiveness as factors of its divergence. It has been determined that the trend towards globalization of international markets leads to a fundamental contradiction in which inequality inherent in this market contributes to increasing inequality in the developing world. It has been proved that the current model of economic globalization has some negative aspects characterised by sharp conflicts between different actors of global international relations. Actualization of the new alternative model of the world economy as a new stage of the process of economic transformation is required. It is pointed out that a circular economy is a new economic model which emphasises the reuse of materials and creation of added value through services and smart solutions. In this context, it is shown that such an integrated approach can help to understand how to maximize potential benefits, prioritize and offer different welfare models that can be obtained in a healthy environment. Ultimately, an inclusive circular economy must provide not only jobs and income, but also health, the environment and the future.Крисоватий А. І. доктор економічних наук, професор, ректор, Тернопільський національний економічний університет, Тернопіль, Україна Мокій А. І. доктор економічних наук, професор, провідний науковий співробітник відділу регіональної економічної політики, ДУ «Інститут регіональних досліджень ім. М. І. Долішнього» НАН України, Львів, Україна Зварич Р. Є. кандидат економічних наук, доцент, заступник директора, Навчально-науковий інститут міжнародних економічних відносин ім. Б. Гаврилишина, Тернопільський національний економічний університет,Тернопіль, Україна Зварич І. Я. кандидат економічних наук, доцент, докторант, кафедра міжнародної економіки, Тернопільський національний економічний університет, Тернопіль, Україна Прояв альтерглобалізації через парадигму інклюзивної циркулярної економіки Анотація. У статті досліджено економічні імперативи альтерглобалізації з погляду різних наукових шкіл. Проаналізовано індикатори світового розвитку та перевірено ідею самостабілізації вільного ринку в контексті реалізації Вашингтонського консенсусу. Виокремлено базові критичні зауваження до процесів глобалізації та визначено феномени відтоку капіталу й неконкурентоспроможності як факторів її дивергенції. Обґрунтовано актуальність альтерглобальної моделі розвитку світової економіки як нового етапу процесу економічної трансформації. Акцентовано увагу на циркулярній економіці, яка є новою економічною моделлю з повторним використанням матеріалів, а також створенням доданої вартості за допомог...
The authors assume that alterglobalization is a process of global alternative economic, political and cultural integration, aimed at diffusion of global transnational influence, ecological-local stability and humancenteredness. To show the today prospect of alterglobal inclusive development, the authors demonstrate the connections between environmentally related taxes, percentage of the total tax revenue, real GDP per capita, and percentage of recycling in Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, the USA and the Netherlands. Combinations of the abovementioned indicators show the extent of the presence of ecologically oriented model of development with the use of new technologies in different countries. The highest connections among the chosen indicators have been found out in Poland and the Czech Republic which determines strong prospect for the successful implementation of the inclusive circular businesses in the countries. The situation in the Netherlands is 1 Sea star wasting syndrome (disease) is a general description of a set of symptoms that are found in sea stars. «Typically, lesions appear in the ectoderm followed by decay of tissue surrounding the lesions, which can lead to eventual fragmentation of the body and death. A deflated appearance can precede other morphological signs of the disease. All of these symptoms are also associated with ordinary attributes of unhealthy stars and can arise when an individual is stranded too high in the intertidal zone (for example) and simply desiccates. «True» wasting disease will be present in individuals that are found in suitable habitat, often in the midst of other affected individuals. Current thinking is that there is likely a pathogen involved, but environmental factors may also play a role, and contributing factors might vary regionally» (UC Santa Cruz, 2019).
This article presents the circular economy as a new economic model, which focuses on the reuse of materials, as well as the creation of additional value through services and intelligent solutions. A number of indicators of the circular economy of EU countries, in particular, import and export of secondary raw materials from EU countries and non-EU countries, are analyzed; the indicator of circularity (9.1%), indicating a significant circular gap-more than 90%. A number of indicators within circular economic of EU countries are analyzed, particulary among imports and exports of secondary raw materials from both EU countries and non-EU countries, including the indicator of circularity (9,1%), indicating a significant circular gap exceeding 90%. Based on our research, we can outline leading European circular economics, including countries which have circular economics that can be considered to be either "outsiders" or "emerging". We propose to consider these distinations in the context of "economics of cowboys" vs. "an economy of space" as a manifestation of circular cognitive distance. To begin, we use the concept of a "circular city" from examples based upon Ljubljana, Copenhagen, San Francisco, London, and Zaanstad. The economic approaches of alterglobalization in the consideration of the circular economy are outlined. A regression analysis of the preconditions of alterglobalization is carried out. It is noted that the circular economy is considered as one of the imperatives of the alterglobalization. Various economic approaches depicting alterglobalization in the consideration of circular economics are outlined. A regression analysis of
The analysis of adaptation circular economy according to the principles of 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) is made and the fourth principle is proposedglobal corporate social responsibility (Responsibility), as obligatory in the formation of global circular value added chains. Successful practical examples (startups) of the basic ideas of circular economy implementation are proposed. The circular economy should be considered at the micro, mesa and macro levels, covering production, consumption and proper waste management. Indicators of micro, mesa and macro are evaluated for implementation circular economy. Circular economy as a vector for sustainable development requires a needed shift from linear to circular way of thinking. Circular economy seeks to separate economic growth from using of the natural resources and ecosystems through more effective use of these resources. According to the definition it is a driving force for innovation in the resource and component reuse product that is equivalent to the new business models, particularly in the service sector. Outlined prerequisites that make the circular economy like necessary business model, including the resources and pricing them, the increasing number of middle class, «big data», changing legislation and management, the transition from «agreement» to «relations». It is alleged that the transition to a circular economy means changes in thought and action,
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