The rapid development of the process of informatization of modern society has necessitated cybersecurity in all spheres of human activity, as the implementation of deliberate or unintentional influences on the information sphere by both external and internal sources can damage security and lead to moral, material, financial, reputational and other forms of damage. The purpose of the paper is to create functional cognitive models to assess the level of their protection. The method of building a fuzzy cognitive map of the state of cybersecurity of banks is used. There have been developed cognitive models to determine the level of protection of the computer network, information security system and critical infrastructure (banks). Scenarios have been developed that reflect the response of the system at the complex maximum attenuation of the impact of the most important cyber threats. In conclusion, the practical implementation of the method provides an opportunity to predict the state of cybersecurity of banks, and contributes to the implementation of the necessary mechanisms to prevent, protect and control access at the appropriate levels of network infrastructure.
This article deals with the issue of managing bank credit risk using a cost risk model. Modeling of bank credit risk management was proposed based on neural-cell technologies, which expand the possibilities of modeling complex objects and processes and provide high reliability of credit risk determination. The purpose of the article is to improve and develop methodical support and practical recommendations for reducing the level of risk based on the value-at-risk (VaR) methodology and its subsequent combination with methods of fuzzy programming and symbiotic methodical support. The model makes it possible to create decision support subsystems for nonperforming loan management based on the neuro-fuzzy approach. For this paper, economic and mathematical tools (based on the VaR methodology) were used, which made it possible to analyze and forecast the dynamics of overdue payment; assess the quality of the credit portfolio of the bank; determine possible trends in bank development. A scientific and practical approach is taken to assess and forecast the degree of credit problematicity by qualitative criteria using a mathematical model based on a fuzzy technology, which can forecast the increased risk of loan default at an early stage in the process of monitoring the loan portfolio and model forecasting changes in the degree of credit problematicity on change of indicators. A methodology is proposed for the analysis and forecasting of indicators of troubled loan debt, which should be implemented as software and included in the decision support system during the process of monitoring the risk of the bank’s credit portfolio.
The current state of digitalization processes in Ukraine, directions and ways to accelerate its digital development are clarified. The character and factors of promoting and inhibiting of digital transformation are revealed, including: significant human potential of IT sector, availability of Internet connection, implementation of digital initiatives of the European Union, community activities, factors of institutional environment and digital infrastructure. It is shown that the implementation of technical solutions of the European digital single market for electronic data exchange (eCommerce, eDelivery, eCustom) is a secure, reliable and proven way to connect business not only with EU countries but also outside the Union. The formation of the ICT sector in Ukraine over the past 20 years is analyzed through the prism of the development and implementation of laws and regulations, directions and measures of public policy in this area. The advantages, disadvantages and gaps in the institutional environment of the country are revealed. Emphasis is placed on the advantages of the program-targeted approach and methodology of strategic planning for solving the complex problems of socio-economic development. The inefficiency of development and implementation of legislative initiatives in isolation from national goals and priorities is proved. Necessity and expediency of development of the State target program of development of ICT sector in Ukraine, updating of the existing Concept of digital development of economy and society and formation of the state industrial policy are substantiated. Proposals to create a strong production potential of the digital industry in Ukraine and accelerate the construction of national digital infrastructure are developed. Promising areas of digitalization in Ukraine are revealed, which include: artificial intelligence, distributed registry technologies and quantum computing. It is proposed to resume the practice of developing state long- and medium-term plans for socio-economic development of the country as a systemic basis for the deployment of sectoral initiatives on digitalization.
The article reflects the results of a study conducted as part of the research project "Providing the complementarity of digital and socio-economic transformations." The main directions of digital transformation influence at economic relationship and effectiveness of production are identified and generalized. The relationship between integration into global value chains with the concepts of smart specialization, cluster and ecosystem development is shown. It means that the basis of successful integration into global value chains is the developed innovative ecosystems of high-tech industries, on which developed sectoral and regional clusters can be based and in which, accordingly, there is a deeper smart specialization. Tendencies, peculiarities and drivers of the world digital development are considered. New global challenges of digital development and its impact on the economy and society in Ukraine are defined and analyzed. It is shown that over the last 20 years Ukraine has transformed from a newcomer in the field of information and communication technologies to a center for the creation and export of services. The state and possible prospects of development of Ukrainian Industry 4.0 in the context of post COVID-19 are analyzed. The main reason for the negative trends is the structural degradation of the economy due to the decline of the processing industry, which is a consequence of the crisis socio-economic and political phenomena in the country, lack of systemic state industrial policy and inadequate business climate. The main threats and new opportunities of socio-economic and digital transformations posed to the country by the coronavirus pandemic are summarized. The main emphasis is on Ukraine's ability to include value added in new chains or build on existing ones. Proposals have been developed for the authorities to provide the complementarity of digital and socio-economic transformations.
Світова економіка та міжнародні відносини UDC 378:004.5 JEL Classification: О14 Yanenkova I. G. Identifying the Areas of the Most Effective Use of Digital Technologies Based on summarizing international expert forecasts, the main trends in digitalization by technology sectors for 2019-2020 are identified. Among them there are the industrial Internet of things, immersive technologies, artificial intelligence, blockchain, etc. It is proved that digitalization of the economy in Ukraine is not due to existing relevant strategies and programs, like in most foreign countries, but despite of their absence. The features of the digitalization process in Ukraine are analyzed with an emphasis on the technological segments of Industry 4.0. There made conclusions about Ukraine's increasing lag behind other countries of the world in terms of the progress in digitalization of the economy due to the lack of relevant government policies and weakness of the domestic market for industrial innovative developments. Recommendations for governmental and non-governmental structures regarding the acceleration of the pace of digital adoption in Ukraine are developed.
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