Despite the significant duration of decentralisation processes, no clear model of redistribution of resources, areas of responsibility and control at the national, regional and local levels has been introduced in Ukraine. Basic theoretical concepts prove that administrative and financial decentralisation is a complex and ambiguous process for the development of the country's economy. Along with the positive results, there are some risks of deepening the irregularities of development, complications in the implementation of macroeconomic policies, increasing corruption, etc. Theoretical and empirical researches of decentralisation processes in the world allow us to identify trends such as the absence of a direct link between the level of the country's development and the degree of administrative and financial decentralisation; the focus and motives for decentralisation processes are different in different countries; elimination of macroeconomic imbalances is often accompanied by the processes of recentralisation. The level of decentralisation of power and public finances in Ukraine is characterised by a high degree of centralisation of public finances. The decentralisation processes prove to be fragmented with a high risk of deepening territorial social and economic differentiation. Keywords: Decentralisation; Irregularity of Development; Public Finances JEL Classification: H7; R58 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V166-15Сторонянська I. З. доктор економічних наук, професор, заступник директора з наукової роботи, Державна установа «Інститут регіональних досліджень ім. М. І. Долішнього НАН України» Беновська Л. Я. кандидат економічних наук,старший науковий співробітник відділу регіональної фінансової політики, Державна установа «Інститут регіональних досліджень ім. М. І. Долішнього НАН України» Ризики адміністративно-фінансової децентралізації: теоретичні гіпотези та емпіричні оцінки Анотація Незважаючи на значну тривалість процесів децентралізації, в Україні не вироблено чіткої моделі перерозподілу ресурсів, зон відповідальності та контролю між національним, регіональним та місцевим рівнями управління. Базові теоретичні концепції засвідчують, що адміністративно-фінансова децентралізація є складним і неоднозначним процесом для розвитку економіки країни. Теоретичні та емпіричні дослідження децентралізаційних процесів у світі дозволили виділити такі тенденції: відсутність прямої залежності між рівнем розвитку країни та ступенем адміністративно-фінансової децентралізації; спрямованість та мотиви процесів децентралізації у різних країнах є різними; подолання макроекономічних дисбалансів часто супроводжують процеси рецентралізації. Рівень децентралізованості влади та державних фінансів в Україні характеризується високим ступенем централізації державних фінансів, безсистемністю імплементації реформ децентралізації, високим ризиком поглиблення територіальної соціально-економічної диференціації. Ключові слова: децентралізація; нерівномірність розвитку; державні фінанси. Сторонянская И. З. доктор экономических наук, ...
Purpose. The purpose of our work is to investigate the presence of tourist infrastructure elements to ensure a comfortable stay of tourists in tourist destinations, which can become a driver of the development of local communities, especially in rural areas; investigation of financial support for tourism development by local governments. A derivative task of our study is to identify challenges and prospects of tourism infrastructure in tourist destinations after the pandemic. Methodology / approach. The theoretical basis of the study is the fundamental principles of economics and the scientific research of Ukrainian and foreign scientists. For the analysis, we used data from the official web resources of local governments of Ukrainian local communities with tourist potential, information from the Booking.com and the Internet about tourist facilities and events in local communities. During the research we used the following methods: analytical (to select tourist destinations for analysis, their grouping and analysis of their tourist infrastructure); comparison (to compare the tourist infrastructure in the local communities that were the object of our study); synthesis (to conclude the general state of tourist infrastructure in tourist destinations and prospects for its development in the future), graphic (for visualization of study results). Results. The study highlights five elements of tourist infrastructure of the most popular tourist destinations in Ukraine: travel services, transportation services, accommodation services for temporary residence, catering services, services for the organization of recreation and entertainment. We analysed the state of functioning of the tourist infrastructure in the tourist destinations of Ukraine before the introduction of lockdown. The results of the analysis showed that only four out of five elements of the tourist infrastructure were at the proper level. We described the challenges of the tourism industry, which had arisen as a result of the epidemic. In conclusion, we considered the prospects for the attitude and development of tourist infrastructure in the local communities of Ukraine after the pandemic. Originality / scientific novelty. During the study for the first time, we selected the most popular tourist destinations in Ukraine which in 2019 received the highest revenues from tourist tax as an indicator of the official stay of tourists, we grouped them according to their dominant type of tourism and researched their tourist infrastructure. We compared the revenues from the tourist tax with the expenditures of local communities for the development of tourism and found that local communities received much more money from the tourist tax than they had spent on the development and promotion of tourism. Practical value / implications. We show the characteristic features of the development of the tourism sector in the post-quarantine period, which can be used by local governments and businesses of tourist destinations when planning the development of tourist infrastructure.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to identify the spatial features of the social-economic development of territorial communities in the context of administrative and financial decentralization. Methodology /approach. The method of system analysis is used in the work – to research the spheres of central-peripheral interactions at the level of territorial communities; method of comparative analysis – to identify trends in the formation and development of interactions between the center and the periphery in communities and the factors that determine them; abstract-logical method – for the formation of theoretical generalizations and formulation of conclusions from the research; method of graphic visualization, which allows providing a clear presentation of the results of the analysis; sociological survey of chairmen of local councils of territorial communities of Lviv region – to determine the state of development of central-peripheral interactions in their communities. The key role of territorial and systemic approaches to the analysis of core-peripheral interactions in territorial communities is emphasized, which made it expedient to form a research method based on taking into account the conditions for the development of a particular environment and existing spatial restrictions. Results. The article identifies the features of the formation of core-peripheral interactions in the territorial communities of rural areas. It is focused on the formation of derivative core-peripheral interactions that arise in the territorial communities created during the implementation of administrative-territorial reform. On the basis of a systematic and comprehensive analysis, the existing and hidden core-peripheral dependencies were identified and the features of the mutual influence of the centers of the united territorial communities of the rural areas of the Lviv region on the socio-economic development of the community territory were revealed. The problems and risks of the development of the territory of the community are substantiated in the context of the mutual influence of a derivative nature. Originality / scientific novelty. A scientific approach to the identification of central-peripheral interactions in territorial communities was developed, which allows identifying the spatial effects of social, economic, managerial interactions of the center and the periphery within the community. A scientific-and-methodological approach to the assessment of central-peripheral interactions was developed, which provides for the selection of community groups according to certain criteria (community type (urban / rural / urban), community composition, location in the region) and their diagnosis in areas: analysis of strategic documents of local council on the development of central-peripheral interactions in a community; analysis of the management structure of the local council, representation of peripheral communities, compliance of the composition and structure of the governing body with the goals of community development; analysis of budget support for infrastructure development; research of employment opportunities in the community. The application of the approach will reveal the patterns of formation of central-peripheral interactions at the level of territorial communities. Practical value / implications. The results of the study make it possible to have a more comprehensive assessment of the state of the formation of central-peripheral interactions in territorial communities, contribute to the identification of risks of social conflict between different groups in the community and to form recommendations for their activation. The results are recommended for consideration by local governments when preparing proposals for socio-economic development and ensuring the financial capacity of local communities.
The paper provides the empirical analysis of the efficiency of financing the regional smart-specialization strategies’ implementation from the structural funds in the context of its impact on the improvement of economic wellbeing and prevention of growing regional misbalances in the EU at the NUTS 2 level. It verifies the inverse correlation between the GRP volumes per capita in the EU Member States and the volumes of funding of the smart-specialization activities. The financial resources of the EU structural funds for the implementation of the regional smart-specialization strategies are established to be distributed on a regional basis and to be showing the signs of the aligning policy, which is a reasonable tactic from the viewpoint of the need to secure the balanced spatial development. However, the paper emphasizes that the less developed regions aren’t able to fully generate powerful innovations that would boost the economic activity in the smart-specialization domains yet.
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