The article discusses the peculiarities of organization and work of Ukrainian preschools in the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada and U.S., which aim to develop children’s national identity. Realization of the fact that in countries of settlement, namely in the USA and Canada, a considerable number of the new generation are losing their identity and getting disattached from the Ukrainian community has encouraged progressive community to create grounds for common solving of the problems of pre-school education both on the first and the main stages of external assistance provided to families in bringing up the nationally conscious new generation of the Ukrainians living overseas. We believe it is necessary to point out that organizers of Ukrainian pre-school education in Canada and the USA, as well as in other countries of Ukrainian settlement, were well aware of the fact that in addition to study and material base and methodological provision, it is also necessary to have professionally trained kindergarten teachers for starting a children’s nursery school or a kindergarten. There were not enough of them, though. That was why a need for a pre-school education teacher arose.
Анотація. У статті розглядаються особливості вивчення української мови дітьми дошкільного віку в українській діаспорі США та Канади; розкривається специфіка зорово-слухового методу, як основного і найдоступнішого методу у роботі з дітьми дошкільного віку. Особлива увага у статті приділяється аналізу методичних посібників авторства Стефанії Маґус та Софії Василишин, де авторки пропонують активно застосовувати ігрові методи й засоби в мовній освіті дошкільників. Результатом їх праці стали відповідні посібники, що з'явилися друком у різних країнах, де проживали українці та діяла система рідномовної освіти, що сприяла формуванню їх національної самосвідомості та збереженню етнокультурної ідентичності. Ключові слова: діти, дошкілля, українська мова, діаспора, зорово-слуховий метод, вивчення, програма.
The peculiarities of the development of the modern globalized world indicate the need to address the field of culture as an important principle of raising children from preschool age. The purpose of the article is to analyze the formation of the foundations of multicultural competence of preschool children in Ukraine. The objectives of the study are: to investigate the features of the theoretical perception of multiculturalism in the modern Ukrainian pedagogical system, to interpret empirical material on the attitude to multiculturalism among the surveyed parents and preschool children. The research is based on the use of theoretical research methods, including analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, concretization, comparison, abstraction. Also, the study was formed as a result of using a statistical method, which consisted of qualitative analysis of experimental data. The results show that the multicultural development environment is an integrated category, which includes various areas of activity of the preschooler, so it is important to provide special conditions, a stable psychological atmosphere. The work on the basis of empirical material summarizes the favorable attitude of preschool children to foreigners and the desire of parents to deepen this program. According to our author's definition, multicultural education should be understood as the process of assimilation by preschoolers of values and experiences of other ethnic groups in the region where they live, with special emphasis on the study of their cultural achievements and national characteristics.
In the national educational system of the Ukrainian diaspora of the USA and Canada the pre-school period covers the first stages of extra-familiar education, where establishing of child’s consciousness and connecting to spiritual values of the Ukrainian nation are taking place. Efficiency of this process depends on multiple factors. A significant role among them is played by didactic provision of educational-instructional process in pre-school educational institutions of various kinds whose main aim is to form national consciousness of the pupils through acquiring the Ukrainian language, as well as mastering contents of Ukrainian Studies subjects. Pedagogues at Ukrainian pre-school institutions in diaspora conditions clearly understand that the task of bringing up a child before the age of 6 implies providing them with various, beneficial for growing and useful for them, qualities. That is why teachers contribute to children acquiring such knowledge, abilities and skills which would help them to successfully prepare for elementary school in the future. Since the main task of Ukrainian pre-school education lies in development of a child’s personality by means of Ukrainian Culture studies, a pedagogue (teacher) has to know Ukrainian and all subjects well.
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