The results of the study of migration risks of labor migrants from Ukraine are presented in this article. The purpose of the study is to find out the differences in the perception of obstacles and risks that arise in the process of work abroad among experienced and potential labour migrants from Ukraine within the cognitive, behavioural, and emotional components of their intercultural competence. The study has been implemented from the standpoint of a set of analytical tools, including: the concept of the advantages of replacing the “risk/reliability” scheme with the “risk/hazard” scheme; views of risk and chance as interrelated variables that motivate people to try to explore the world and overcome obstacles; the concept of “triple individualization” in a risk society. It has been found that social risks are hidden in the imbalance of intercultural competence of experienced labor migrants and are not realized by potential labor migrants. It has been proven that the greatest social danger for labor migrants from Ukraine is the loss of components of competence and initiative. It has been established that the key points of the comparative analysis of social risks faced by labor migrants from Ukraine open up prospects for improving the methodology for studying social (and socio-cultural, in particular) risks.
The purpose of this research was to answer the questions of how and to what extend the internship programme, seen as a part of their vocational training, could contribute to students' learning process and professional growth and how the students perceived the internship programme. This was a quasi-experimental study utilising quantitative and qualitative methods. Such statistical tools as a cumulative grade point average, the career motivation test, and Mettl's aptitude online test for journalists, the semi-structured interview for the focus-group, and references from internship host company were used for calculations of the variables. The dependence of variables on the internship was analysed using a two-way ANOVA. The study found that mass media internships significantly improve vocational training system of students majoring in Journalism. Due to involvement in this programme, students' academic performance and career motivation increased, journalism skills developed and the quality of this education rose. This internship programme fosters students' job-related skills like working in a team and fast-paced environment, time-management, editing and publishing, communication, and social networking, using software to create digital and printed content. This study implies that universitybased journalism education is likely to soon become a secondary process. This study implies and experimentally proves that universitybased journalism education should soon become a secondary thing as de-institutionalised education is emerging laying the basics for "entrepreneurial journalism".
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