The Salt Range in Pakistan exposes Precambrian to Pleistocene strata outcropping along the Salt Range Thrust (SRT). To better understand the in‐situ Cambrian and Pliocene tectonic evolution of the Pakistan Subhimalaya, we have conducted low‐temperature thermochronological analysis using apatite (U‐Th‐Sm)/He and fission track dating. We combine cooling ages from different samples located along the thrust front of the SRT into a thermal model that shows two major cooling events associated with rifting and regional erosion in the Late Palaeozoic and SRT activity since the Pliocene. Our results suggest that the SRT maintained a long‐term average shortening rate of ~5–6 mm/yr and a high exhumation rate above the SRT ramp since ~4 Ma.

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The provision of healthcare, which is a fundamental human right, has frequently been the subject of cutting-edge technology development. The availability of high-quality, timely, acceptable, and reasonably priced healthcare has greatly benefited from technological advancement. A new generation of nanostructures has emerged as a result of developments in nanoscience. They each have a distinct set of characteristics that contribute to their amazing uses. Since its debut, nanotechnology has had an ongoing impact on healthcare and has had a significant impact on its transformation, which has led to better results. Nanotechnology has advanced around the globe during the past two decades, and the process has been sped up by intensive study across many healthcare industries. Nanomedicine is the application of nanotechnology and related nanocarriers and nanosystems in medicine. It has proven to be extremely useful in illness detection, diagnosis, and therapy. Different nanosystems have been shown to make superior theranostic candidates than traditional ones. This review will provide an overview of medically relevant nanosystems, their uses, and their drawbacks in the fields of gene therapy, targeted medication delivery, cancer treatment, and other genetic illnesses. Despite having enormous potential, nanotechnology has not yet been fully utilized. To quickly transform the healthcare industry, more work needs to be put into overcoming these constraints and maximizing its potential.