The pump is a device used to move fluid from one place to another through a media pipe or channel. The energy in the fluid is produced from the impeller which converts the kinetic energy (velocity) of the liquid into potential (dynamic) energy. Besides being used to move fluid (fluid) at this time the pump can also be used as a turbine by changing the working principle of the pump by giving a drop of water at an altitude to rotate the impeller on the pump so that the pump can operate upside down or called a pump as turbine), in this study the impeller on the pump as a turbine is driven by a water flow or water pressure that is large enough, the water flow is sourced from two centrifugal pumps with a series arrangement that functions as a driving force or fluid distributor which is assumed to be a high water fall or head. The use of centrifugal pumps with a series arrangement is so as to produce a large head to get a high water fall or a maximum head for turning a pump as a turbine. This study uses an experimental method that is using two centrifugal pumps as a fluid distributor and one pump that is used as a turbine and uses a variation of 5 watt and 10 watt light bulb. From the calculation of the suction pump and pump as a turbine without using a light bulb pump speed namely 920.5 rpm and the specific speed of the turbine produced is 76.61 rpm. by using a 5 watt light bulb load the pump rotation speed is 553 rpm and the specific turbine speed produced is 44.24 rpm, using a 10 watt light bulb load the pump rotation speed is 335 rpm and the specific turbine speed produced is 26.8 rpm. The greater the value of the pump head, the resulting water discharge will be smaller and vice versa, the size and size of the pump head obtained is also influenced by the presence of load on theturbine.
Synthesis of carbon dots from molasses using the microwave method with the addition of EDTA as a passivation agent has been carried out. Addition of EDTA to improve the optical properties of the carbon dots. The resulting carbon dots were characterized by UV, UV-Visible, PL, FTIR, and TEM lamps. A physical test of carbon dots under a UV lamp showed a change in light intensity, carbon dots with the addition of a passivation agent were brighter than those without a passivation agent. Analysis of the optical properties of carbon dots using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and photoluminescence showed a significant increase in absorbance intensity and emission intensity from 500 a.u to 3600 a.u. FTIR analysis shows the formation of carbon dots which are indicated by the presence of C=C, O-H, C-H, C-O-C, and C-N groups at certain wavenumbers. TEM analysis showed that the carbon dots produced had an average diameter of 1.8 nm. From the analysis, it is identified that the addition of EDTA can improve carbon dots’ optical properties.
Humans have always tried to create new materials that have a strong, rigid, lightweight, and inexpensive construction. The honeycomb structure is a man-made material that has a honeycomb geometry to minimize the amount of material used, to achieve a minimum weight so that a light mass is obtained for the construction. The honeycomb structure is commonly used in aerospace, transportation, F1 competitions, and many other industries. In general, the purpose of this study is to determine the level of deformation, strain stress that occurs in the honeycomb structure that is statically tested. Honeycomb is made using aluminum material with a thickness of 0.4 mm and then formed with a hexagonal size that varies with 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm. This compressive test is carried out using a Universal Testing Machine with 2 positions namely horizontal and vertical. The specimen is pressed until it has a visible point on the graph. The results that have been found from this compressive test in the form of deformation values and the maximum force acting on the specimen. From the results of the comparison of hexagonal size variations, it can be concluded that the larger the hexagonal honeycomb size, the greater the deformation that occurs.
Komposit adalah suatu bahan yang terbentuk dari gabungan dua bahan atau lebih sehingga bahan komposit yang dihasilkan memiliki sifat dan karakteristik mekanik yang berbeda dengan bahan penyusunnya, serat yang digunakan dalam komposit matrik dibedakan menjadi dua yaitu serat alam dan serat sintetik. Sedangkan padi dan nanas merupakan tumbuhan yang banyak dijumpai di seluruh nusantara khususnya indonesia, sehingga hasil alam seperti beras dan nanas di indonesia sangat melimpah. Sekam padi merupakan bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan dalam pembuatan material komposit, demikian pula serat daun nanas yang akan digunakan sebagai bahan atap merupakan cara yang baik untuk mengurangi evolusi limbah alam seperti sekam padi dan serat daun nanas. . Pada penelitian ini, penulis akan melakukan percobaan kekuatan mesin berbasis komposit menggunakan sekam padi dan serat daun nanas khususnya pada pembuatan atap hollow. Dari uji tarik yang telah dilakukan pada komposit serat sekam padi dan serat daun nanas dengan perbandingan komposisi resin 70% : 30% sekam padi dan daun nanas, 80% : 20% dan 90% : 10%. Terlihat komposisi bahan 90% : 10% mendapatkan nilai lebih tinggi yaitu 101,4 kgf/mm2, sedangkan untuk uji perbandingan perbandingan komposisi resin adalah 70% : 30% sekam padi dan serat daun nanas 80% : 20% dan 90% : 10%. Terlihat bahwa komposisi material 90% : 10% mendapatkan nilai yang lebih tinggi yaitu 1246,26 kgf/mm2.
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