The data presented in previous literature is well correlated with our own morphologic findings. In comparison of the different techniques applied with the assumptions drawn on the basis of our own anatomic findings, it becomes evident that the SCM flap is only a useful tool in limited indications and under certain precautions.

Our results, especially those involving the descending part of the trapezius muscle, may help to minimize the rate of unexpected trapezius muscle paresis after surgery of the neck.

Background:The knowledge of the exact anatomy of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle and its nerve and blood supply must be considered a basic prerequisite for its use as a pedicle muscle flap.Objective: To give an exact description of the courses and variability of all vessels supplying the SCM muscle.Design: Anatomic analysis of all arteries supplying the SCM muscle. Setting:The blood supply of the SCM muscle was studied by dissecting bilaterally the anterior regions of the neck of 31 perfusion-fixed human cadavers of both sexes aged 50 to 94 years (mean, 78 years). Results:The blood supply to the SCM muscle can be divided into 3 parts: upper, middle, and lower. The upper third of the SCM muscle was found to be constantly

No abstract

This case report presents the evolution of a patient with recurrent ischemic stroke, in the context of treatment with multimodal agent cerebrolysin, as an add-on to neurological rehabilitation and tDCS therapy. The patient was evaluated before and after treatment using a battery of tests such as the Nine-Hole Peg Test, handgrip force, Functional Hand Scale (1-5), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Active Range of Motion (AROM) for the left shoulder, registering visible improvements in functional motor recovery after this therapeutic combination.