The aim of this study was to define the factors that have a negative impact on public health. Knowledge in this field is an additional tool for the environmental quality management in the context of preserving and strengthening of the child population health. The geoformation material of the children’s morbidity has an important information about the health of the population and the environmental impact on it. Industrial enterprises influence air pollution: Sevgorvodokanal DKP Balaklava State Mining Administration, Sevtets DP, Sevteploenergo KP, Yugtorsan LLC. Pollutants such as inorganic dust, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, which increase the incidence of respiratory diseases, increase mortality from diseases of the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system, are present in the air basin. The results of the study are based on statistical data collected by the author in the Territorial Bodies of the Federal State Statistics Service for cities and districts, regional health organizations (Sevastopol Health Department), and city polyclinics in the study area. The dataset included information on the demographic situation, as well as medical statistics (morbidity and mortality according to the international classification of diseases). Analysis of the medical and environmental status of the city of Sevastopol was carried out taking into account the criteria of the environmentally dependent diseases of the child population (age group from 0 to 17 years). Assessment of the incidence of children in the city of Sevastopol, showed that respiratory diseases occupy a leading place in the structure of the general incidence rate, digestive apparatus diseases take the 2nd place and the nervous system disease takes the third one.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩЕЙУСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ КРЫМА АННОТАЦИЯ В основу концепции устойчивого развития Крыма положен экологический аспект устойчивого развития, предполагающий сохранение окружающей среды и рациональное использование природных ресурсов -охрану атмосферы, земель, недр, лесов, вод и их экономное использование.В настоящей статье рассмотрены современные представления об экологической составляющей устойчивого развития Крыма. На данный момент, несмотря на проводи-мые природоохранные мероприятия, в целом экологическое состояние исследуемой тер-ритории можно охарактеризовать как напряженное с отдельными локальными очагами предкризисного состояния. Приоритетными экологическими проблемами Крыма являют-ся следующие: значительное антропогенное загрязнение атмосферного воздуха, водных и земельных ресурсов; угрозы для природного наследия Крыма; накопление большого количества токсичных промышленных, сельскохозяйственных и бытовых отходов в насе-ленных пунктах и рекреационных зонах.В результате анализа материалов статистики, докладов и рекомендаций республи-канских, национальных и международных природоохранных организаций для Крыма были выбраны 20 экологических индикаторов, отражающих давление, воздействие, со-стояние природных и технических систем на протяжении времени, характеризующих тен-денции развития данных систем. Проанализированы были только некоторые индикаторы, такие, как: загрязнение атмосферного воздуха и водных ресурсов; индикатор доли проб, не отвечающих нормам качества вод, и индикатор состояния природно-заповедного фонда прибрежных территорий Крыма.Разница в потенциалах приводит к незначительным разрывам в уровне социаль-ного развития территорий, что, в свою очередь, усиливает миграционные процессы и ухудшает демографический потенциал менее развитых городов Крыма. Результатом исследования стало ранжирование территории Крыма по выбранным параметрам эколо-гических индикаторов.КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: устойчивое развитие, экологическая составляющая, инди-каторы, источники загрязнения, Крым. FEATURES OF ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CRIMEA ABSTRACTThe concept of sustainable development of the Crimea is based on the ecological aspect of sustainable development, which presupposes conservation of the environment and rational use of natural resources -protection of the atmosphere, lands, bowels, forests, waters and their economical use.In this article, modern ideas about the ecological component of the sustainable development of the Crimea are considered. Now, despite the ongoing environmental protection measures, in general, the ecological status of the study area can be characterized as tense with individual local foci of the pre-crisis state. Priority environmental problems of the Crimea are the following: significant anthropogenic pollution of atmospheric air; water and land resources; threats to the natural heritage of the Crimea; accumulation of a large number of toxic industrial, agricultural and domestic wastes in populated areas and recreational areas.As a result of the analysis of...
The monograph examines the aspects of interaction in the "society — nature" system in the process of anthropogenesis, its current state in the conditions of global anthropogenic transformation of the biosphere and the consequences for the human population. The theoretical foundations and practical approaches to solving the problem of preserving health in conditions of chemical pollution of the environment are presented; methodological approaches and methodological techniques for conducting medical and environmental monitoring at various levels (regional, sub-regional, local) to solve various tasks to assess the impact of the anthropogenically transformed environment and certain technogenic factors on human health. The results of their testing on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula are presented. The problems hindering the introduction of environmental regulation of anthropogenic impact and the development of regional environmental standards taking into account the impact on human health are identified. For a wide range of readers interested in environmental medicine. It can be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of medical universities.
Climate extremes and anomalies modify the CO2 ecosystem–atmosphere exchange of the boreal forests and consequently alter the terrestrial carbon stocks and the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. The effects of the anomalous weather conditions on the CO2 net ecosystem exchange (NEE), total ecosystem respiration (TER), and gross primary production (GPP) of the typical southern taiga nemorose spruce forest were analyzed using continuous eddy covariance flux measurements in the 2015–2020 period. The forest was found to be a source of atmospheric CO2 in 2016, 2017, 2019, and 2020 (the mean annual GPP/TER ratio was between 0.87 and 0.97). In 2018, the forest was found to act as a CO2 sink (GPP/TER = 1.47) when a positive temperature anomaly in the growing season was accompanied by a negative precipitation anomaly and increased global radiation. The early start of the CO2 uptake in the anomalously warm winter of 2019/2020 did not result in an increase in the annual GPP/TER ratio (0.90). The comparison of the flux data obtained from the nemorose spruce forest on the well-drained soils with the data obtained from paludified spruce forest in the same landscape showed that the mean annual GPP/TER ratio of the sites alternatively responded to the mentioned anomalies. This study suggests that a variety of soil moisture regimes across the southern taiga spruce forests provide a non-uniformity in the response reactions of the CO2 ecosystem–atmosphere exchange on the climate anomalies.
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