Results of hydrochemical and microbiological studies of five largest water bodies belonging to the Gusino-Ubukunskaya group are presented. Present-day environmental state of the ecosystem subject to anthropogenic load is described. The possibility of using water quality parameters of the investigated lakes as indicators of the degree of contamination of waters flowing into the Baikal Lake is shown.
Hydrolytic bacteria (in particular, proteolytics) are the primary destructors in hot springs. The proteolytic bacteria are able to secrete enzymes that are active in wide ranges of pH and temperature. The aim of this work was to study the taxonomic composition, the structure of the bacterial microbial mat, and to study the distribution of peptidases in the thermophilic microbial Garga community. For the study, we sampled the microbial mat at a water tempera ture of 54.2 °C and a pH of 8.3. Hydrochemical analysis of water showed a high content of sulfates, 390 mg/dm 3 . The microelement composition of water showed that the Garga water had increased concentrations of B, Rb, Li, Ba, Sr. We analyzed the taxonomic diversity of the microbial community in the hot spring Garga at a temperature zone of 54 °C. The structure of the microbial mat is represented by various phylogenetic groups of mesophilic and ther mophilic bacteria, with various metabolic and ecological functions. The dominant group in this community was the phylum Firmicutes (64 %). The analysis of the collected metagenomic sequences of the microbial community al lowed the detected peptidases in the microbial communi ty in the hot spring Garga to be for the first time system atized and characterized. Comparisons of metagenomic sequences of representative data showed a dominance of serine peptidase class enzymes. Natural peptidases in the investigated microbial community ensure the hydrolysis of biopolymers at the first stages of the destruction of organic matter and may have biotechnological relevance.Key words: phylogenetic analysis; microbial community; metagenomic analysis; peptidases; Baikal rift zone.В настоящее время в микробной экологии активно приме няются методы метагеномного анализа, которые позволяют охарактеризовать таксономический состав и разнообразие микробных сообществ. Гидролитические бактерии, в частности протеолитики, в горячих источниках занимают нишу первич ных деструкторов, благодаря способности секретировать фер менты, активные в широких диапазонах значений рН и темпе ратур. Целью данной работы было определение таксономиче ского состава, структуры бактериального микробного мата и выявление пептидаз в термофильном микробном сообществе Гарга. Гидрохимический анализ воды показал высокое содер жание сульфатов -390 мг/дм 3 . В микроэлементном составе воды отмечены повышенные концентрации B, Rb, Li, Ba и Sr. Проведен анализ таксономического разнообразия микробно го мата в горячем источнике Гарга, в температурной зоне 54 °С. Структура микробного мата представлена разнообразными филогенетическими группами мезофильных и термофильных бактерий с различными метаболическими и экологическими функциями. Наибольшую долю в сообществе составил филум Firmicutes (64 %). Анализ собранных метагеномных последова тельностей микробного мата позволил впервые систематизи ровать и дать характеристику выявленных пептидаз в микроб ном мате горячего источника Гарга. Сравнение метагеномных последовательностей репрезентативных данных выявило до минирование ферментов...
Currently, there are a number of major subcontinental and ocean projects on the continental territory of Eurasia and the oceanic area adjacent to it, among which are the Belt and Road Initiative and “Northeast Passage” and “Greater Eurasia” projects. The most actively implemented today, at least in the geopolitical and research contexts, is the Belt and Road megaproject, geographically tied to the Silk Road in its various versions. The Tea Route also falls into the zone of influence of the Silk Road. A common geographical feature of the countries of Greater Eurasia, geographically tied to these land transport corridors, is the unique ultra-continental position of their inner territories, which include a number of subjects of Russia, Mongolia, China and Kazakhstan.
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