The article discusses the issues of sustainable development of indigenous communities in the Arctic based on the optimization of projects of mining companies. The purpose of the article is to develop tools for decision-making to optimize the mining projects based on economic and mathematical models. The authors suppose that, by comparing and selecting different options for resource extraction, the use of various technologies and the impact of projects, the conditions of the traditional life of indigenous peoples, the preservation of health, it is possible to find a compromise solution for stakeholders. The case-study of Alrosa—a diamond giant mining in Yakutia is researched in the paper. To ensure sustainable development of traditional lands, it is proposed to optimize mining projects, in order to carry out a project maneuver during Arctic development. The project maneuver of the mining company makes it possible to choose the optimal solution from the existing alternatives for the extraction of minerals. The authors propose criteria and procedures for the selection of alternative options for the implementation of extractive projects. The alternative projects selected in this way make it possible to compensate to indigenous communities for the negative impact during industrial development of the Arctic.
The method of the social investing of the Arctic subsoil users is considered in this article. As the portfolio of social investments is formed based on the interests of indigenous peoples, the authors used expert assessment and sociological research for social investing modeling. A two-stage procedure for forming a portfolio of such projects is proposed. An approach has also been developed for assessing and selecting investment projects for the Arctic sustainable development according to different criteria of optimality. The authors substantiate the need for a new approach to sustainable development of the Arctic, based not on compensation for the negative consequences of industrial development used in many countries, but on social investment. In this article the proposed approach is tested on the case of the Arctic indigenous community in Taimyr and the optimal social investing portfolio is justified.
The article deals with the problem of fair co-financing of socio-ecological and economic projects of a region, which is topical for the northern regions of Russia. At the same time, we solve the task of forming an optimal set of projects based on the fair sharing depending on the interest of business, state and society in the project implementation. In the process of analyzing the attractiveness of socio-environmental and economic development projects in a region, we have developed a scheme for solving this task. At the first stage, we recommend an expert assessment using the fuzzy scales developed by the authors. These scales allow to make a lexical assessment of the priority of criteria for assessing the development of a region and the degree to which the projects meet these criteria. In the second stage of calculations, the obtained expert assessments make it possible to determine a fair sharing in project financing. These shared assessments and project priorities allow developing a model of an optimal set of projects for the development of a region, taking into account the allocated financial resources. The system of expert assessments and models is implemented in the Excel-VBA program. This system has been applied to solve the problem of selecting social, environmental and economic development projects in the Russian Arctic regions.
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