The article focuses on the reliability of the gas pipeline system. The decrease in the reliability of the gas transmission system can be considered from two sides. On one hand, it increases the expanses. On the other hand, there is a threat to public health and the loss of human and natural resources. It is proved that the main reason for reducing the reliability of the natural gas transmission process is the significant equipment ageing. The possibility to increase the reliability of the linear part of the main gas pipelines by conducting a quality repair system and equipment upgrades is substantiated. It is determined that the failure rate depends on the diameter and the number of the pipelines. The model of the failure rate process and average recovery time is offered to reduce the financial expenses of the enterprise.
The article defines the general provisions of formation and substantiates the main components of the overall energy balance, presents the algorithm for its calculation according to the indicators of the current forms of state statistical reporting on energy. It is proposed to monitor the energy balance of the state to eliminate unresolved problems of the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine. The formation of provision model and use of fuel and energy resources of the economy of Ukraine is detailed. It is determined that an important direction of state development is the introduction of energy-saving technologies and increases its own production of fuel and energy resources. Therefore, the basis for building a theoretical and analytical model of supply and use of fuel and energy resources is the relationship between different components of the economy: forms of ownership, centralization and decentralization, innovation and investment, environmental orientation and economic efficiency and more. The relationship between the economic development of the state and its environmental security is proved.
The fuel and energy complex of Ukraine, like most developed countries of the world, is a complex system of material production incorporating a set of many subsystems that cover the extraction, conversion, distribution, storage and consumption of energy. Ukraine's gas transportation system has an extremely complex system, which consists of gas pipelines of various purposes and capacities, compressor stations, compressor shops, gas distribution stations and underground gas storage facilities. Compressor stations, allied with underground storage, ensure full pipeline use, reliability of work, modes of regulation of transit flows and maintenance of uninterrupted supply. Their co-employment is considered one of the most effective methods of increasing reserves for reliable gas supply and efficiency of gas sales in the country and abroad. The use of storage reduces the unevenness of seasonal consumption and enables timely delivery. This is justified by the fact that during the year, gas production is uneven, as is consumption. In winter, the amount of gas extracted does not provide the amount of gas consumed. Therefore, underground storage facilities are an integral part of the gas transmission system, which must function efficiently. The Ukrainian gas transportation system is part of the European energy system, despite the fact that the country itself is not yet a member of the EU. To research the issues of improving the efficiency of the system and underground storage facilities, it is necessary to analyse the parameters of their work and study the problems of reducing costs during storage and transportation. In the work on the basis of the analysis of the cyclic operation of the Dashavsky underground storage, the energy approach to an estimation of losses of gas at storage is offered. This will streamline and specify the general ideas and the level of irreversible losses of natural gas as an energy source and will increase the efficiency of operation of the underground gas storage as a whole. At the same time, taking into account the energy characteristics of natural gas when forecasting its losses during storage will significantly affect the organisation and optimisation of maintenance of storage equipment and, in particular, the compressor station.
The purpose. Conduct a comparative analysis of construction companies and on the basis of selected criteria to assess the level of their competitiveness. Method. To achieve this goal, a wide range of general and special methods of analysis and synthesis, economic and logical methods of comparison, grouping, graphical method, method of scoring and comprehensive assessment and others. The Results. The article substantiates the need to increase the competitiveness of the construction industry in the context of economic globalization. Factors influencing the level of competitiveness of the enterprise in the construction market are considered, among which: production and technical, scientific and technical, financial and economic and human resources; level of material and technical support; effectiveness of advertising and marketing campaigns; sales promotion effectiveness. The difficulties inherent in the construction industry during the economic crisis and related problems of assessing the competitiveness of construction companies, as well as the features of the assessment of enterprises taking into account the specifics of the construction industry. A comparative analysis of construction in Ukraine in recent years, which showed that assessing the dynamics of the number of enterprises in Ukraine and in the construction of residential and non-residential buildings, identified certain trends - both positive and negative, but they all have certain time frames. The choice of criteria for the competitiveness of a construction company is substantiated and the method of their calculation is presented. Selected criteria for assessing competitiveness include company reliability, compliance with contractual obligations, market experience, quality of construction services, staff skills, range of services, timeliness of delivery, readiness to negotiate, market popularity and cooperation with large companies. companies. Each of the presented construction companies is considered and analyzed from the standpoint of the proposed criteria of competitiveness. Based on the analysis, the main advantages of each company and its weaknesses were identified. The company with the strongest competitive position among the analyzed construction companies of Ivano-Frankivsk region was singled out. Scientific novelty. A scientific and methodological approach to assessing the level of competitiveness of a construction company based on criteria is proposed, which allowed to highlight the strengths of each company and its weaknesses. The practical significance. The results of the study are the possibility of practical use of this approach to assess the level of competitiveness of construction companies and recommendations for their improvement.
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