Photography is a major component of present art. It has applications in arts, in sciences and mainly health sciences, in social interaction. The evolution of photography since its advent 200 years ago relied and was dependent on the knowledge of chemistry. This is a review of the chemical techniques used in the recording and reproduction of photographs and of its applications. In the last two centuries, numerous chemical substances: inorganic, organic and polymeric, influenced the aspect and quality of the photographic techniques and of photographs. Teaching photography requires knowledge of chemistry, while chemistry education needs knowledge of esthetics as offered by photography.
Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) is one of the most prominent Germans. His multidisciplinary activity set standards to science at the beginning of modern era. His personality is celebrated worldwide. The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in Bonn is still preserving his memory and endorsing research in all the fields. This paper is a historical sketch presenting his contributions to the development of medical sciences and also to the progress of scientific illustrations. We also introduce personalities of the Cluj-Napoca medical school who were fellows of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
Professional health hazards are an important topic for healthcare providers, even in this period when the emphasis is put on fighting pollution and mental diseases. In this context, a category of visual artists presents also their professional medical conditions. Although not severe in most cases, clinical conditions of visual artists are quite common, but scarcely reported. These pathological conditions may be considered rare diseases, given their low prevalence in the general population, but are none less important. This paper reviews updated knowledge on health hazards affecting art photographers. Art photography is in continuous development and people at risk become more numerous. Diseases linked to the professional activity of photographers involve several diseases: skin diseases caused by chemical or allergic interaction, visual disorders, and psychological disorders. Preventive measures are suggested: photographers should avoid prolonged contact with offensive agents and if necessary use protection equipment; if necessary, they should follow recommendations to prevent health hazards of artistic photography; when needed, relaxation techniques should be learned and practiced. This is to our knowledge one of the very few reviews of this topic.
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Pericolele profesionale pentru sănătate sunt un subiect important pentru furnizorii de servicii medicale, chiar și în această perioadă în care se pune accent pe combaterea poluării și a bolilor mentale. Deși nu sunt severe în majoritatea cazurilor, manifestările clinice ale artiștilor vizuali sunt destul de frecvente, dar abia raportate. Aceste manifestări patologice pot fi considerate boli rare, având în vedere prevalența lor scăzută în populația generală, dar nu sunt cu atât mai puțin importante. Această lucrare trece în revistă cunoștințele actualizate privind pericolele pentru sănătate care afectează fotografii de artă. Fotografia de artă este în continuă dezvoltare, iar persoanele cu risc devin mai numeroase. Bolile legate de activitatea profesională a fotografilor implică mai multe afecțiuni: boli ale pielii cauzate de interacțiuni chimice sau alergice, tulburări vizuale și tulburări psihologice. Se sugerează măsuri preventive: fotografii ar trebui să evite contactul prelungit cu agenți ofensatori și, dacă este necesar, să utilizeze echipamente de protecție; dacă este necesar, aceștia ar trebui să respecte recomandările pentru a preveni pericolele pentru sănătate ale fotografiilor artistice; atunci când este necesar, tehnicile de relaxare trebuie învățate și practicate. Din cunoștințele noastre, aceasta este una dintre puținele recenzii la acest subiect.
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