Indonesia has been struggling with forest and land fires for decades due to its large, multi-dimensional impacts. While less hotspots in 2016 were due to the La Nina, Indonesia has managed to reduce the hotspots in normal condition in 2017. However, there were indications that some of the policies were outside of the legal jurisdiction, e.g. to involve institutions out of their legal roles in fire controlling operations. Thus, this paper qualitatively discussed the analysis of fire controlling policy in Indonesia with Siak Regency as the case study. Data collection used semi-structured interviews with key informants from related agencies and experts, as well as supported by literatures. Meanwhile, policy and actor analysis were used to approach the issue. The findings revealed that the lack of resources and personnel has forced some actors to dominate. In this case, the establishment of complementary regulations should accommodate and legalised some policy implementers who did not have the ‘rights’ to involve in the forest and land fire reducing programme.
Berulangnya kebakaran hutan dan lahan (karhutla) di Indonesia memerlukan perhatian lebih. Perhatian khusus pada aktor-aktor di tingkat tapak, karena mereka merupakan pihak yang terdekat, paham kondisi lapang, dan paling awal merespons karhutla. Pihak-pihak tersebut dapat berperan sebagai aktor protagonis maupun antagonis dalam pengendalian karhutla sesuai dengan kondisi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran dan masalah para pihak terkait di tingkat tapak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan AgustusDesember 2017 di tiga desa di Kabupaten Siak, Riau, yaitu Desa Penyengat, Sungai Rawa, dan Rawa Mekar Jaya. Lokasi tersebut dipilih karena masing-masing desa memiliki perbedaan frekuensi kebakaran sehingga dapat dibandingkan antara satu dengan yang lain. Desa Penyengat paling sering terbakar, Desa Rawa Mekar Jaya paling jarang terbakar, dan frekuensi kebakaran di Desa Sungai Rawa berada di antara keduanya. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis aktor dengan sumber data primer maupun sekunder. Hasil analisis aktor menunjukkan adanya masalah kelembagaan, yaitu bertumpuknya key players untuk pengendalian karhutla di lokasi, aktor berpengaruh dengan peran negatif, serta ketidaksesuaian peran aktor yang terlibat dalam pengendalian karhutla. Dekonsentrasi pengaruh Pemerintah Pusat dan KLHK, serta pembuatan aturan turunan untuk melegalkan peran BNPB, Polri, dan TNI dalam kegiatan pemadaman juga diperlukan untuk mengurai permasalahan.
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