A new plant milk was discovered from the seed of Adenanthera pavonina. The physicochemical and nutritional properties of the new pro-milk extract were assessed, and their biochemical effects were compared with those of soy bean extracts. Eleven groups of three albino rats each were used to assess the health benefits of the pro-milk. Groups were separately administered 3.1, 6.1, and 9.2 µl/g animal wt. pro-milk extract from A. pavonina seed, 6.1 µl/g animal wt. milk extract from soybean, and 6.1 µl/g animal wt. normal saline for 7 or 14 days. The “baseline” group consisted of those sacrificed on day 0. Among the physical properties considered, the pro-milk from A. pavonina had significantly higher (P < 0.05) hue color value and significantly lower (P < 0.05) L* than that from soy bean did. The pro-milk from A. pavonina had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) level of protein (36.14 ± 0.12%), Ca (440.99 ± 0.93 mg/l), Mg (96.69 ± 0.03 mg/l), K (190.41 ± 0.11 mg/l), Na (64.24 ± 0.24 mg/l), and Cu (0.55 ± 0.24 mg/l), and a significantly lower (P < 0.05) level of Mn (0.04 ± 0.01 mg/l) and vitamins A (undetectable), C (1.87 ± 0.01 mg/100 g), and E (0.12 ± 0.01 mg/100 g) compared to those of soy milk. The daily consumption of the pro-milk extract from A. pavonina for 14 days significantly reduced (P < 0.05) Ca2+-adenosine triphosphate synthase (Ca2+-ATPase) at low dose (3.1 µl/g animal wt.), but significantly increased (P < 0.05) Mg2+-ATPase at high dose (9.2 µl/g animal wt.). Daily administration of the A. pavonina extract for 14 days caused a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in acetylcholinesterase activity in the liver, intestine, heart, and kidney, suggesting that the pro-milk may facilitate ions transportation across the membrane. The pro-milk offers promising beneficial effects for patients with neurological diseases, as well as supporting general health owing to the high protein and mineral content. Vitamins fortification is recommended during production.
The response of finisher broilers to diets containing pre-calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 soaked and cooked velvet bean (VB) was investigated. The processed beanmeal was incorporated into broiler finisher rations at 0% (control), 20% and 30%levels, respectively and fed for 28 days in a complete randomized design replicated 4 times. Velvet bean diet caused progressive readuction in growth. At the end of trial, broilers fed 20 and 30% VB diets weighed 98.34 and 80.11% of the control respectively. Birds fed 30% diet had the lowest fed intake value of 4.38kg, which compared statistically with 4.58kg of the control. Birds fed 30% VB diet had significantly (P<0.05) lower feed conversion ration ( 3.02) than the control. Inclusion of 20% VB in the dietsi gnificantly (P<0.05) increased the feed (4.76) of broilers, but allowed better growth (63.00gg/d) and feed conversion ratio (2.73), than the 30% VB diet group. At the end of the trial, birds fed 20% VB diet compared statistically with the control in growth rate and feed conversion ratio. We conclude that pre-soaking in Ca(OH)2 solution for 84-hr before cooking for 1-hr partially improved the performance of finisher broilers, thus allowing for successful use of 20% processed meal in broiler finsher rations.
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