Collective narcissism is a belief in in-group’s greatness that is not appreciated by others. In three studies, conducted in the context of COVID-19, we found that collective narcissism measured with respect to the national group was related to support of policies that protect the national image at the expense of in-group members’ health. In Study 1, British national narcissism was related to opposing cooperation with the EU on medical equipment. In Study 2, American national narcissism predicted opposition to COVID-19 testing in order to downplay the number of cases. In Study 3, American national narcissism was related to support for releasing an untested COVID-19 vaccine, in order to beat other countries to the punch. These relationships were mediated by concern about the country’s reputation. Our studies shed light on collective narcissism as a group-based ego-enhancement strategy in which a strong image of the group is prioritised over its members’ well-being.
EVA is an acronym for economic value added, is a measure of corporate performance that differs from most others by including a charge against profit for the cost of all the capital a company employs. EVA is much more than just a measure of performance. It is the framework for a complete financial management and incentive compensation system that can guide every decision a company makes. It combines factors, such as economy, accounting, and market information in its assessment. The main objective of this study is to introduce the concept of Economic Value Added (EVA) and compare with the method of Earnings Per Share (EPS). This study aims to determine the effect of the Economic Value Added and Fundamental Analysis of the company's earnings per share in the cement industry sector. Especially, the study is examined the economic crisis period 2000-2001 and 2007-2008 and their reflection to the financial statements of the cement companies. The methodology used in this research is a web-based data collection is the company's financial statements and the company's earnings per share amount which is then processed and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Having obtained the results of analysis using Microsoft Excel, then the data are performed using the SPSS 17 statistical test to determine the effect of the Economic Value Added and Fundamental Analysis of the company's earnings per share. This study employs pooled time-series, cross sectional data of listed 15 cement companies in the Istanbul Stock Exchange (IMKB) over the period 1999-2010 to examine whether EVA or Earnings Per Share (EPS) is associated more strongly with companies performance. Findings indicated that the proponents of EVA provided evidence to establish this method as a superior performance measurement and incentive compensation system and claimed that it is really better to use EVA, than Earnings per Share Method.
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