Faults and failures are familiar case studies in centralized and decentralized tracking systems. The processing of sensor data becomes more severe in the presence of faults/failures and/or noise. Effective schemes have been presented for decentralized systems, in the presence of faults only. In some practical scenarios of systems, there are certain interruptions in addition to these faults. These interruptions may occur in the form of noise. However it is expected that the decision about the sensor data is difficult in the presence of noise. This is because the noise adversely affects the communication amongst sensors and the processing unit. More complexity is expected when there are faults and noise simultaneously. To deal with this problem, in addition to existing fault detection and isolation schemes, the Kalman filter is employed. Here, a generic discussion is provided, which is equally applicable to other situations. This work addresses various faults in the presence of noise for decentralized tracking systems. Local single faults and multiple faults in the presence of noise are the core issues addressed in this paper. The proposed work is comprised of a general scenario for a decentralized tracking system followed by a case study of a target tracking scenario with and without noise. The presented schemes are also tested for different types of faults. The proposed work presents effective tracking in the presence of noise and faults. The results obtained demonstrate the acceptable performance of the scheme of this work.
This research sought to examine the association between perceived emotional intelligence (EI), grit, and suicide ideation among cancer patients in Pakistan. In Lahore, Pakistan, 110 cancer patients were recruited from two hospitals. Perceived Emotional Intelligence Scale, Grit Scale, and Suicidal Ideation Scale were completed by the individuals. There was a significant negative association between perceived emotional intelligence and suicidal ideation (r = -0.24, p<.05) and also a significant negative correlation between grit and suicidal ideation (r = -0.28, p<.05). In addition, perceived EI regulated the association between grit and suicidal ideation, such that high levels of EI diminished the positive relationship between grit and suicidal ideation. This research illustrates the relevance of emotional intelligence and grit for the mental health of Pakistani cancer patients and proposes that therapies focused at enhancing emotional intelligence and grit may help to minimize suicidal thoughts in this group. Findings show that therapies focusing on EI and grit may be useful in lowering suicidal ideation in this group. To lessen suicide thoughts among cancer patients in Pakistan, future research should concentrate on designing therapies that target EI and grit.
Here, using first-principles calculations based on density-functional theory, we propose a novel member of the two-dimensional (2D) transitional metal dichalcogenide family known as a Janus CrSSe monolayer (denoted as CrSSe-ML). The 2D CrSSe-ML has a hexagonal crystal structure. The calculated phonon band structure suggests Janus CrSSe-ML is dynamically stable, and formation energy indicates thermodynamic stability. At the equilibrium lattice constant, it is reported that 2D Janus CrSSe-ML is a non-magnetic semiconductor with a direct bandgap of 0.93 eV (K–K). We found that compressive biaxial strain induces no local magnetic moment, while in contrast the tensile biaxial strain of 12% induces a magnetic moment of 2 μB and half-metallicity which is robust up to 20%. Furthermore, we studied the ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling between Cr atoms in CrSSe-ML and found that the FM state is favorable over AFM by the amount of energy of 0.007 meV, which is less than 0.03 eV, so no room-temperature ferromagnetism is possible. At the end, we added the H atom at the most preferable Se top-site in a Janus CrSSe-ML and found that hydrogenated Janus CrSSe-ML is magnetic and half-metallic at the equilibrium lattice constant. We further studied FM and AFM calculation by considering fully hydrogenated 4 × 4 × 1 supercell of a Janus CrSSe-ML. We used quantum Monte Carlo simulations (MC) to estimate the Curie temperature (T c) of hydrogenated CrSSe-ML under normal conditions. The calculated value of T c is 553.96 K using the quantum MC simulations. Our calculations predicted that the 2D Janus CrSSe-ML material is a promising candidate for spintronic device applications above room temperature.
The current study aimed to examine the relationship between weight-based teasing, coping strategies and self-esteem among obese university students. A total of 60 obese university students (Males=30, Females=30) of the age group 17 to 26 years (M= 21.52, SD= 2.24) were chosen from different universities of Lahore. The measures used in the current study were Body Mass Index (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2013), Perception of Teasing Scale (Thompson, Cattarin, Fowler & Fisher, 1995), Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced Questionnaire (Carver, Scheier & Weintraub, 1989) and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). The findings revealed no significant gender differences in the use of problem focused and emotion focused coping styles. The results also revealed that 70% of the overweight/obese students were living a sedentary life style while 30% of the participants were engaged in taking a properly balanced diet along with exercise. 60% of the students were overweight due to the excessive eating, no physical activity or excessive sleeping. The results also showed that there was a significant positive relationship between perception of teasing and self-esteem and perception of teasing was a strong predictor of self-esteem among obese university students.
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