SummaryLimitation of crop productivity by suboptimal phosphorus (P) nutrition is a widespread concern. Enhanced crop P-use efficiency could be achieved by improving P remobilization from senescing leaves to developing tissues and seeds. Transcriptomic studies indicate that hundreds of Arabidopsis thaliana genes are up-regulated during leaf senescence, including that encoding the purple acid phosphatase (PAP) AtPAP26 (At5g34850).In this study, biochemical and functional genomic tools were integrated to test the hypothesis that AtPAP26 participates in P remobilization during leaf senescence.An eightfold increase in acid phosphatase activity of senescing leaves was correlated with the accumulation of AtPAP26 transcripts and immunoreactive AtPAP26 polypeptides. Senescing leaves of an atpap26 T-DNA insertion mutant displayed a > 90% decrease in acid phosphatase activity, markedly impaired P remobilization efficiency and delayed senescence. This was paralleled by reduced seed total P concentrations and germination rates.These results demonstrate that AtPAP26 loss of function causes dramatic effects that cannot be compensated for by any other PAP isozyme, even though Arabidopsis contains 29 different PAP genes. Our current and earlier studies establish that AtPAP26 not only helps to scavenge P from organic P sources when Arabidopsis is cultivated in inorganic orthophosphate (Pi)-deficient soils, but also has an important P remobilization function during leaf senescence.

Introduction-Shoulder dislocations are common ski hill injuries. Rapid reduction is known to improve outcomes; however, advanced providers are not always available to provide care to these patients. In 2017, nonmedical ski patrollers at Sunshine Village ski resort in Alberta, Canada, were trained to perform anterior shoulder dislocation (ASD) reductions. Program success was determined by a chart review after the 2020 ski season.Methods-This study retrospectively reviewed data on patients who presented to Sunshine Village ski patrol with a suspected ASD and who met the study inclusion criteria from November 2017 through March 2020. Data were collected from ski patrol electronic patient care records regarding general demographics, reduction technique used, analgesia administration, and reduction success rates.Results-Ninety-six cases were available for review after exclusions. Trained nonmedical ski patrollers successfully reduced 82 of these cases, resulting in an overall reduction success rate of 89%. Sixty-three (66%) of these patients had experienced first-time dislocations. Eighty-two (87%) patients were male, with a median age of 25 y. The most used technique was the Cunningham method (75%), and analgesia was administered to 70% of patients.Conclusions-This retrospective study documents the results of a quality assurance review of the treatment of ASD at Sunshine Village ski resort. With a success rate of 89%, the evidence supports the conclusion that nonmedical ski patrollers can successfully perform ASD reductions. We believe training ski patrollers to reduce ASD improved patient care in our austere environment by providing early definitive treatment with a high success rate.

High cardiovascular and cortisol reactivity to stressful tasks are predictors of increased future cardiovascular risk. Few studies have investigated the impact of shift work on cardiovascular reactivity, and none have examined cortisol reactivity. The purpose of this study was to compare cardiovascular and cortisol stress reactivity in female shift workers (SW) versus non-shift workers (NSW). Nineteen SW (40 AE 11 years) and 19 NSW (42 AE 11 years) participated. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured at rest, and during each minute of a speech (5 min) and mental arithmetic (5 min) stress task. Serum cortisol was measured pre-and poststress task (immediately and 15 min post). Values are means AE SD. Peak increases in DBP during the task did not differ between groups (p ¼ .261), however, analyzed over time there was an interaction such that DBP increased significantly more in SW during the fifth minute of the speech task (p ¼ .035). There were no group differences in heart rate or systolic blood pressure responses. The increase in cortisol also did not differ between groups (ÁSW: 5.5 AE 7.5 mg/dL, ÁNSW: 1.8 AE 2.9 mg/dL, p ¼ .165). However, when compared separately, the increase in cortisol from baseline to peak poststress was significant in SW (p ¼ .013) but not in NSW (p ¼ .125). In conclusion, these preliminary data suggest that shift work exposure may have a modest influence on cardiovascular and cortisol reactivity. Further research is necessary to fully characterize and explore the importance of stress reactivity in this population.

High cardiovascular reactivity to stressful tasks is a predictor of increased future cardiovascular risk and may play a mechanistic role in disease progression. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between acute cardiovascular stress reactivity and indicators of vascular health status in shift workers (SW) and non‐shift workers (NSW). Female hospital employees were recruited. 18 NSW and 19 SW (minimum 6 yrs experience) participated. Blood pressure (Finometer), central pulse wave velocity (PWV) (carotid to femoral; applanation tonometry) and common carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) (echo ultrasound) were assessed at rest. With continued blood pressure assessment, participants then completed a 20 min mental stress task with speech and arithmetic components (based on the Trier Social Stress Test). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) reactivity was quantified as the difference between the resting baseline SBP and the SBP during the stress task. Data are mean ± SD. SW and NSW did not differ with respect to age (42 ± 11 yrs, p=0.563), central PWV (6.6 ± 1.3 m/s, p=0.416), IMT (0.47 ± 0.11 cm, p=0.207) or SBP reactivity (20.3 ± 11.2 mmHg, p=0.717). In NSW there was no relationship between SBP reactivity and either PWV (p=0.789; r=0.07) or IMT (p=0.876; r=0.06). In contrast in SW, both PWV (p=0.032; r=0.507) and IMT (p=0.062; r=0.435) increased with increasing SBP reactivity. These data suggest that shift work experience may alter the relationship between cardiovascular stress reactivity and vascular health. Garfield Kelly Cardiovascular Research and Development fund, KGH.