In the climatic conditions of the Mehedinți Plateau, the plant species of sub-Mediterranean origin have adapted to a certain duration and variation of the thermal and precipitation regime during the growing season, in correlation with their demands on temperature and humidity.The climatic disturbances observed in recent years (short periods with very abundant precipitation, very long periods of drought, springs with very low temperatures, at the limit of freezing), can create serious imbalances in these plants. From a phenological point of view, the plants started growing in 2021, at the beginning of April. In 2022, in the same period, the plants were still resting. Compared to the data from the spring and summer of 2021, in 2022 the water content of the leaves was lower and much lower values of the photosynthesis process were recorded. As a consequence, the growth rate was seriously affected. Young plants were more strongly affected than mature trees.
Crambe maritima L. is a perennial plant from the Brasicaceae family that grows spontaneously in Romania on the beaches of the Black Sea. Its tolerance to salt also makes it tolerant to soil drought. Therefore, it was considered that the sandy and dry soil in the southern part of the Oltenia region could be favorable for the cultivation of this plant, known in the world for its food value. Studies show that the plant develops high values of osmotic pressure and suction force on dry and salty soil and thus manages to absorb optimal amounts of water. Wax impregnation of the leaves reduces water losses and is thus another adaptive advantage. In conditions of moderate salinity or drought, the photosynthesis values are maintained at fairly high values and the net assimilation intensity also has values that ensure a moderate productivity.
The influence of the treatment with fungicides on the physiological processes were observed in the rose plants (Rosa sp.) cultivated in the climatic conditions in Olteniaregion.The physiological researches were performed on August 15th 2021, both for plants treated with Topsin M70 (0,1%) and Dithane M45 (0,2%), in four phases, at 7 days interval and also for the plants attacked by Phragmidiummucronatum (Pers.) Schltdl. in which treatments have not been performed. The photosynthesis intensity and transpiration intensity record lower values as a result of the effects produced by the pathogen manifested by the appearance yellow-orange pustules (urediniospores) and the brown or black pustules (teliospores). In the leaves of the plants analysed after performing treatments with fungicides it was registered a higher water content and clorophyll content, in comparison with the plants in which fungicide treatments have been performed.
The influence of the treatment with fungicides on the physiological processes were observed in Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. plants cultivated in the climatic conditions in Oltenia region.The physiological researches were performed on August 23th 2021, both for plants treated with Dithane M-45 (0,2%), in four phases, at 7 days interval and also for the plants attacked by AlternariasolaniSorauer, in which treatments have not been performed.In the leaves of the plants attacked by the pathogen it was observed that the physiological processes’ intensity (photosynthesis and transpiration intensity) is lower as a result of the effects produced by the pathogen manifested by the appearance of dark brown spots with closed concentric rings.The content in chlorophyll is higher at the analysed leaves after performing fungicide treatment, thus existing a positive correlation between this content and the photosynthesis intensity.
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