Cities across the United States that have considerable vacant land are debating whether to foster community gardens on that land, while cities with land shortages are debating when to replace gardens with other uses. Meanwhile, many cities are looking for new ways to finance green spaces. Little empirical evidence about the neighborhood impacts of community gardens is available, however, to inform the debate or to help cities design financing schemes. This article estimates the impact of community gardens on neighborhood property values, using rich data for New York City and a difference-in-difference specification of a hedonic regression model. We find that gardens have significant positive effects, especially in the poorest neighborhoods. Higher-quality gardens have the greatest positive impact. Copyright 2008 American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association
Hilber C. A. L. and Voicu I. Agglomeration economies and the location of foreign direct investment: empirical evidence from Romania, Regional Studies. The large inflow of foreign direct investment into Romania, after the revolution in 1989, is exploited to study the determinants of foreign direct investment location in transition economies. Using a conditional logit set-up and choice-specific fixed-effects, it is found that external economies from service agglomeration are the main determinant of foreign direct investment location. An increase in service employment density by 10.0% makes the average Romanian county 11.9% more likely to attract a foreign investor. Industry-specific foreign and domestic agglomeration economies and labour conflicts also impact foreign direct investment location. A comparison with findings of other studies suggests that service agglomeration economies may be geographically quite localized. [image omitted] Hilber C. A. L. et Voicu I. Les economies d'agglomeration et la localisation de l'Investissement direct etranger: des preuves empiriques provenant de la Roumanie, Regional Studies. Cet article approfondit le flux important d'Ide a destination de la Roumanie, suite a la revolution de 1989, afin d'etudier les determinants de la localisation de l'Ide dans les economies de transition. A partir d'un modele du type logit conditionnel et des effets specifiques aux choix, il s'avere que des economies externes dues a l'agglomeration des services sont les principaux determinants de la localisation de l'Ide. Une hausse de la densite de l'emploi tertiaire de 10 pourcent rend le comte roumanien moyen 11.9 pourcent plus susceptible d'attirer un investisseur etranger. Des economies d'agglomeration interieures et exterieures, specifiques a l'industrie, et les conflits du travail influent aussi sur la localisation de l'Ide. Une comparaison avec les resultats des etudes anterieures laisse supposer que les economies d'agglomeration du secteur tertiaire pourraient s'averer assez localisees du point de vue geographique. Economies d'agglomeration Investissement direct etranger Economies de transition Hilber C. A. L. und Voicu I. Agglomerationsvorteile und der Standort von auslandischen Direktinvestitionen: empirische Evidenz aus Rumanien, Regional Studies. Wir nutzen den starken Zustrom von auslandischen Direktinvestitionen nach Rumanien in der Zeit nach der Revolution von 1989 zur Analyse der Standorts-Determinanten von auslandischen Direktinvestitionen in Reformlandern. Mit Hilfe von konditionalen Logit-Modellen und von standortspezifischen fixen Effekten, zeigen wir auf, dass externe Effekte von dienstleistungsspezifischen Agglomerationsvorteilen die wichtigste Determinante der Standortwahl darstellen. Eine 10-prozentige Zunahme der Beschaftigungsdichte im Dienstleistungssektor in einem durchschnittlichen rumanischen Bezirk erhoht die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass ein auslandischer Investor angezogen wird, um 11.9 Prozent. Auch branchenspezifische auslandische und einheimische Agglomerationsvorteile sowie ...
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