In the actual context, in which there is a trend of increasing the weight of the vehicles used to transport materials, checking the deformations of road systems as a response to dynamic and static loadings is necessary to better manage the road infrastructure. The goal of the study was to evaluate how the number and the thickness of layers, and the material types could influence the behavior of the road systems subjected to different loads, and to find out which of the road systems have the smallest deformations. The Romania forest roads are classified into three categories, and the most important are the principal forest roads. There were chosen road systems proper to this category. Consequently, nine types of road systems were considered, based on the materials used and the thickness of the layers, and the deformations were evaluated by considering loads of 25, 35 and 45 tons. For modeling the behavior of road systems under different loads, the Finite Element Method (FEM) was used taking into consideration the static domain. The models show that, in all the cases, the deformations depend on the number of layers, while the thickness of the ballast layer can reduce the deformations because of the rigidness of the structure. Those findings are very important because not all the modeled roads systems could provide suitable bearing capacity. Hence, an inappropriate thickness of the layers could negatively influence the behavior of road systems under the traffic with weight increased.
Compared to other types of transport, log transport has its own characteristics related to both the transport route and the means of transport. Because, over time, both the routes used to transport timber and the means of transport have constantly evolved, being adapted to the new requirements, specialists in the field always seek to extend the period of operation of forest roads, especially that, in the case of the present, most of them have been designed and built to withstand lower traffic in terms of intensity and frequency. Thus, in order to behave as well as possible in operation, forest roads must be made more precisely the geometric and constructive elements of forest roads and must take into account the constructive characteristics and the movement of vehicles to travel on these roads. Considering the current situation, a very important one, it was considered opportune to research a forest road from the perspective of the traffic on it, recorded for a longer period of time. Thus, the research was carried out on a valley road from the administration of the Bacău Forestry Department -the Ciobănuș forest road. Following the centralization and interpretation of the data, it resulted that the annual distribution of transported volumes is approximately equal and no significant variations were found between 2014 and 2018 and that annually, on the Ciobănuș forest road, a specific tonnage transits the main forest roads, which supports , once again, the accentuated degree of degradation and the rapidity of degradation on this road, due to an insufficiently dimensioned superstructure, which cannot support the annual volumes transited.
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