Objective: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most crippling diseases that man has seen and its prevalence has risen dramatically over the past two decades. Currently there are over the 150 million diabetics worldwide and this number is likely to increase to 300 million or more by the year 2025. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of many disorders including cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the molecular properties of diabetic progression is a big challenge in systems-biology era. Methods: The 3-aminobenzanthrone derivative ABM, developed at the Daugavpils University, Latvia, has been previously shown as a potential biomarker for determination of the immune state of patients with different pathologies. The aim of this study was to determine the several aspects of membrane alterations in the group of Chernobyl clean-up workers with diabetes mellitus in relation with its common group without diabetes mellitus and humans having no professional contact with radioactivity. The following parameters were examined: (1) the spectral characteristics of ABM in cell suspension (e.g. anisotropy index); (2) quantitative parameters of protein/lipid interaction in liposomes prepared from phosphatidylcholine and its mixtures with cardiolipin and cholesterol. Results: Screening of the individuals with diabetes mellitus 25-26 years after the work in Chernobyl revealed two groups of patients differing in structural and functional membrane properties, first of all on the lipid/protein interrelations and conformations of membrane proteins. The revealed structural modifications of membranes are dependent on radiation-induced factors. Concomitant diseases (diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases) reinforce radiation induced effects. Conclusion: ABM is a sensitive probe of membrane architecture alterations, and can be used to elucidate the changes in membrane systems. Significant differences in membrane dynamics exist between control (donors), and diabetics and non-diabetics groups of Chernobyl clean-up workers [J Exp Integr Med 2012; 2(4): 357-363
Objectives: Albumin is one of the most generously represented proteins in human blood plasma. Therefore it is important to follow and assess the transport function of albumin in clinic researches. Disturbances in structural/functional properties of albumin play an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases (e.g. diabetes mellitus). Changes in albumin transformation can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic criterion in pathologies. The aim of this study was to determine and compare several aspects of plasma albumin alterations in patients with diabetes mellitus and the group of Chernobyl clean-up workers with diabetes mellitus as the main concomitant disease. Methods: ABM (3-aminobenzanthrone derivative developed at Daugavpils University, Latvia) has been previously shown as a potential biomarker for determination of the immune state of patients with different pathologies. The following parameters were examined: (1) the spectral characteristics of ABM in blood plasma; (2) effective (EA) and total albumin (TA) concentration in blood plasma; (3) quantitative parameters of albumin auto-fluorescence, characterizing the tryptophanyl region of molecule and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Results: Qualitatively different albumin modifications were obtained in diabetics and Chernobyl clean-up workers. The different modifications of albumin are associated with different binding sites for the probe, differing in affinity, quantum yield, and degrees of polarization. Rigidity (dehydration) of the tryptophanyl region is more expressed in Chernobyl clean-up workers group with diabetes mellitus as compared to the other diabetics. Concomitant diseases (e.g. diabetes mellitus) reinforce radiation-induced effects. Conclusion: ABM is a sensitive probe of albumin alterations and can be used to elucidate the changes in protein systems. Significant differences in albumin dynamics exist between diabetics and a group of Chernobyl clean-up workers with diabetes mellitus as the main concomitant disease. [J Exp Integr Med 2013; 3(3.000): 185-190
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