ABSTRACT:Intestinal cell lines are used as in vitro models for pharmacological and toxicological studies. However, a general report of the gene expression spectrum of proteins that are involved in the metabolism and the disposition of xenobiotics in these in vitro systems is not currently available. To fill this information gap, we systematically characterized the expression profile of 377 genes encoding xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and nuclear receptors and transcription factors in intestinal mucosa (ileum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and rectum) from five healthy subjects and in five commonly used intestinal cell lines (Caco-2, C2BBe1, HT29, T84, and FHC).

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Despite the fact that our findings could not show any evidence that the CYP26A1 genetic polymorphism has implications in the pathogenesis of spina bifida, this work represents the first description of a functional genetic polymorphism affecting the coding sequence of the human CYP26A1 gene.

This study constitutes the first report of a functional genetic polymorphism that could affect Rac1 expression and thus modulate the risk of adverse drug reaction in patients under thiopurine treatment. A larger scale (case-control) study should enable us to confirm or cancel these preliminary results.