Aim The quality of exercise motivations may undermine body image and eating habits/behaviours. This systematic review summarizes the state of the scientific evidence on the effects of exercise motivations on body image and eating habits/behaviours. Methods This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019129904). Three electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, SportDiscus) were searched using combinations of terms concerning: (a) the population of interest (adults, exercisers), (b) the independent variables (eg, exercise autonomous motivations) and (c) the outcomes of interest (eg, body image, eating habits). No study design restrictions were implemented. To be included, empirical studies had to be published up to June 2019, in English, in peer‐reviewed journals/theses and analyse associations between exercise motivations and body image or eating habits/behaviours. Study quality was assessed using the EPHPP Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Two authors performed all steps. Outcome data were combined narratively. Results Of 168 records, 26 were included in this review: 22 analysing links between exercise motivations and body image and 11 exploring links between exercise motivations and eating habits/behaviours. Autonomous motivations (eg, for pleasure, health, wellbeing) and health‐focused exercise were associated with positive body image and healthy eating habits/behaviours, whereas exercising for appearance‐related and other controlled reasons was inversely related to both outcomes. Conclusions Better‐quality exercise motivations (ie, autonomous) seem to result in healthier body image and eating outcomes. Further research is still recommended to explore these associations in more depth. Nevertheless, these findings suggest that future interventions should promote individuals' autonomy, competence and relatedness to foster autonomous motivations.
This systematic review was done to examine the substantial increase in the number of intoxication cases in puffer fish associated with tetrodotoxin. In the past 5 years, 430 cases of intoxication and 52 deaths associated with puffer fish have been reported worldwide. It has also been verified that puffer fish have migrated to different regions, which has led to a negative environmental impact. Based on the information obtained herein, consumption of puffer fish should be legally limited, although it still remains very popular in several regions with negative social and economic impacts.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.