Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a hyper-inammatory condition that is either Familial (Primary) or Secondary to autoimmune diseases , infection, malignancy or other triggers.It is a cytokine storm syndrome where there inefcient antigen removal that leads to sustained cytokine release.It is a rare phenomenon occuring in adults that has got a specic trigger which is less documented and have a good response to steroids where as Familial form is a childhood disease due to genetic defects, both of which are life threatening and may need Allogenic bone marrow transplant. Macrophage activation syndrome is also a subtype of this entity that occurs in the treatment phase of SLE and Still's disease.We describe here 8 cases of secondary HLH, their primary triggers and treatment response.
Melioidosis or Whitmore's disease is an infection of humans and animals caused by aerobic gram negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei. This infection with a wide clinical spectrum is predominantly present in tropical climates, mainly Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. The clinical manifestations include pneumonia, skin ulcers or abscesses, osteomyelitis, prostatitis, encephalomyelitis and fulminant septic shock. The denitive diagnosis is made by a positive culture of Burkholderia pseudomallei. The bacteria is innately resistant to 6 classes of commonly used antibiotics. CDC recommends an intensive phase of intravenous antibiotics for 10 to 14 days followed by eradication therapy with oral antibiotics for 3 – 6 months. The intravenous agents effective against the bacteria are meropenem and ceftazidime. Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid are the oral antimicrobial agents used. Here we present two cases of Melioidosis, at opposite ends of the spectrum with varying antibiotic response. One patient is a young non immunocompromised female and the second an elderly immunocompromised (T2DM) male, both presented with skeletal melioidosis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.