Health Japan 21 is Japan’s premier health promotion policy encompassing preventive community health measures for lifestyle-related diseases. In this repeated cross-sectional survey, we report 24-year trends of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, hypertension, and their association with dietary intakes to evaluate Health Japan 21’s impact and identify gaps for future policy implementation. We analyzed data from 217,519 and 232,821 adults participating in the physical examination and dietary intake assessment, respectively, of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 1995–2019. Average HbA1c and BMI have significantly increased along with the prevalence of T2DM and overweight/obesity among males. Despite a significant decrease in daily salt intake, the decline in the combined prevalence of Grades 1–3 hypertension was non-significant. Seafood and meat intakes showed strong opposing trends during the study period, indicating a dietary shift in the Japanese population. Neither salt nor vegetable/fruit intake reached the target set by Health Japan 21. Metabolic disease trend differences between males and females highlight the need for a gender-specific health promotion policy. Future Health Japan 21 implementation must also consider locally emerging dietary trends.

Tapioca milk tea, the most popular beverage in Taiwan, is consumed a lot by Taiwanese which contributed to their daily sugar intake. Our study purpose is to investigate whether limiting intake of tapioca milk tea is useful for the control of sugar intake in Taiwanese. The study was conducted in questionnaires selected 38 subjects, 20-24 y, from 341 university students in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Subjects were match-paired by sex, age, department, and randomly divided into two groups for cross-over design in which each group had 1 week with or without tapioca milk tea. Other beverages and foods were allowed freely in both periods. Each group member recorded their own daily sugary intake for two weeks and was confirmed by researchers the next day. The average sugar intakes with or without tapioca milk tea were similar between the two treatments (p 0.05), 58.4 23.2 g/day and 56.5 22.2 g/day (glucose 25%, fructose 19%, sucrose 53%, lactose 3%). With or without tapioca milk tea, 85% of sugar intakes came from beverages. Even by limiting tapioca milk tea, the subjects took the same sugar amount from other beverages, suggesting that an established sugar intake level is hard to change. J. Med. Invest. 65:43-49, February, 2018.

Background: Indonesia suffers growing health problems like obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic syndromes with dietary habit as one of risk factors. To control the lipid and glycaemic profile, high fibre intake has been recommended. This study administered 400g/day vegetable intake with its fiber contents and observed the effects in lipid profile and glycaemic control.Design: A parallel study of 30 pairs of menopausal women match paired in overweight, menopause, hyperlipidaemia, age, etc randomly divided into two groups (vegetable and control). The baseline data obtained from questionnaire and preliminary blood-withdrawn of consented participants, then matched the characteristics included the results of lipid profile and glycated albumin. The administration was conducted for 21days by providing 400g/day of vegetable to the vegetable group subjects. Nutrition assessments were conducted at the baseline, middle, and final period. The data were analysed by using the unpaired and paired t-test.Results: Significant results (p<0.05) were seen in biochemical variables in the lipid profile of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol and body weight and BMI within the vegetable group. Significant results for the same variables were shown between vegetable and control group at the final data (p<0.05). The nutrition assessments result showed significances (p<0.05) within vegetable group and between two groups on the final data. After 21 days, significant decreases were found on the intakes of energy, lipids, carbohydrates (p<0.05), while vegetable intake and fiber intake showed significant increases (p<0.05).Conclusion: These data suggest that maintaining a healthy diet of 400 g/d vegetable can be effective in weight management and lipid profile control.

<abstract> <sec><title>Background</title><p>Indonesia has been increasing in health issues such as obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke and others. Healthy lifestyle of improving dietary habit with food consumption is considered effective to prevent these health issues. Soybean-based food is considered as food-alternative for plant-based protein and its ability to push down global warming rate.</p> </sec> <sec><title>Objective</title><p>This study aims to test the effect of Textured Soybean Protein (TSP) on level of Glycated Albumin (GA) and lipid profiles in prediabetes overweight postmenopausal women.</p> </sec> <sec><title>Methods</title><p>A parallel study design consisted of two groups: intervention group provided with TSP contains 30 grams protein and control group, with study duration of 21 days. Each group consists of 26 postmenopausal women with criteria of overweight with fasting blood sugar level of 120–200 mg/dL (prediabetes). The data was analyzed by unpaired and paired t-test.</p> </sec> <sec><title>Results</title><p>TSP has significant influence on the change of GA level (3.4% reduction, p &lt; 0.05) and LDL Cholesterol (LDL-C) (6.0% reduction, p &lt; 0.05). TSP also improve the protein consumption of 18.1%.</p> </sec> <sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The provision of TSP for 21 days could improve GA and LDL-C significantly. In longer term, TSP is expected to improve of lipid profiles, insulin resistance and controlling weight and BMI.</p> </sec> </abstract>

Background: Strengthening health promotion and disease prevention will provide extraordinary benefits. Promoting health and preventing diseases are major investments in reducing the burden of public health services. As part of Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat (GERMAS), the intake of vegetables and fruits of 250g and 150g is recommended to maintain health through lifestyle improvements from daily eating habits. This study aimed to observe the effect of daily consumption of recommended vegetables intake among overweight women in Jakarta. Subjects and Method: This was an experiment study. Twenty overweight women aged 55-year-old was selected for this study. The dependent variables were body weight, body mass index (BMI), and energy intake. The independent variable was vegetables consumption. 400 g vegetables were added into their daily meals for three weeks. Body weight and BMI were measured using weight scale. Energy intake were measured by the 3-day food records over 24-hour recall. Mean difference of body weight, body mass index, and energy intake before and after treatment were analyzed by t-test. Results: Women body weight (kg) after treatment (Mean=62; SD=6) was lower than before (Mean=64; SD=6.4) and it was statistically significant (p=0.001). BMI (kg/m2) after treatment (Mean=28.4; SD=2.4) was lower than before (Mean=29.3; SD=2.5) and it was statistically significant (p=0.001). Energy intake (kcal) after treatment (Mean=1,608; SD=130) was lower than before (Mean=2,080; SD=302) and it was statistically significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: Vegetables intake is commended intake of vegetables and fruits can help weight management in overweight women by reducing energy intake and increasing fiber intake. Keywords: weight management, vegetable intake, overweight, BMI, overweight Correspondence: Indri Kartiko Sari. Graduate School of Human Life Science, Jumonji University. Saitama, Japan. Email: indri.kartiko@yahoo.com. Phone: +6285691068652 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.15