This research aims to develop science process skills and problem-solving abilities based on outdoor learning in junior high school. This study uses a mixed method design embedded experimental models. Data was performed in the qualitative and quantitative analysis. Qualitative data analysis is used to determine the science process skills while quantitative data analysis is used to determine the increasing problem-solving ability by using normalized gain (N gain) formula. The results show that the science process skills developed at every phase comprise of making observations, formulating hypotheses, experiment, create data, classify and analyze the data, formulating its conclusions, communicate, and apply the concepts and make predictions obtained by the average value of 75.33 in the good category. While the problem-solving ability of students based on outdoor learning also increased by 0.58 in the medium category. The conclusions of this research show that the application of outdoor learning can be teacher use as an alternative to learning, so it is quite effective in developing science process skills and problemsolving abilities.
The greater numbers of internet users the greater challenge will be tackled by ISP to provide good services but gain maximum profit. By analyzing Cobb-Douglass utility function we will obtain optimal pricing scheme. This research is based on previous research conducted by [1]
In this paper we analyze the internet pricing schemes based on bandwidth function diminished with increasing bandwidth utility function with 3 pricing strategies for homogeneous and heterogeneous consumer. The new proposed pricing schemes with this utility function will give the information to the internet service providers (ISP) Keywords: utility functions, the function of diminished bandwidth with increasing bandwidth, pricing schemes, consumer homogeneous, heterogeneous consumers IntroductionInternet has an important role in the economy and education around the world. The Internet is a multimedia library, because it has a lot of complete information. Complete information and quickly make consumers interested in becoming a consumer internet services. Consumers who make a lot of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) compete to provide services of the highest quality (Quality of Service) and the optimal prices for consumers [1]-[3]. In addition in maintaining the quality of service and optimal prices for consumers, Internet Service Provider (ISP) should also consider profits.The research on differentiated network in general network architecture with quality of service are due to [4]- [7] which then are improved by [8] in multi QoS networks and [9] in multi service networks. In particular, the recent research focus on wireless mesh QoS network architecture are due to [10], [11] that mainly discuss the advanced technology in communication network.There are some assumptions for utility function to be applied in the model but the researchers usually use the bandwidth function with fixed loss and delay and follow the rules that marginal utility as bandwidth function diminishing with increasing bandwidth [4][5][6][7][8]. The other reason dealing with the choices of utility function is that the utility function should be differentiable and easily to be analyzed the homogeneity and heterogeneity that impacts the choice of pricing structure for the companies. also contends that the utility function also can be assumed to be increasing function, strictly concave and continuously differentiable.In [15], the finding of internet charging is based on analytical steps and on CobbDouglass utility function. Other useful utility functions are provided, but only a few were discussed. Sometimes, it is more likely have a good advantage if dealing with finding the solution numerically rather than analytically, if involving many variables and parameters.So, we provide to search the optimal solutions numerically for three internet pricing schemes which are flat fee, usage-based, and two-part tariff for homogeneous and heterogeneous consumers based on function of bandwidth diminished with increasing bandwidth using LINGO 11.0 [16].
Penulisan karya ilmiah bukan merupakan hal yang baru dalam dunia akademik. Karya ilmiah yang ditulis dapat berupa artikel, makalah, skripsi, tesis, disertasi, maupun jurnal. Penelitian pendukung, sumber teori, dan sumber bacaan sangat diperlukan dalam penulisan, sehingga jika ingin disadur atau disitasi dalam tulisan maka perlu ditulis sumbernya. Penulisan sitasi yang banyak memerlukan ketelitian dan waktu lebih, terutama dalam penyesuaian format penulisan. Hal ini menyebabkan diperlukannya software untuk menyisipkan sitasi. Mendeley dan EndNote adalah software yang dapat dipakai untuk menyisipkan sitasi dalam penulisan ilmiah. Permasalahannya banyak pengguna yang belum paham akan penggunaan kedua jenis software ini. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan penggunaan Mendeley dan EndNote dalam menyisipkan sitasi. Kegiatan ini dilakukan secara daring menggunakan platform Zoom Meeting, dengan jumlah peserta 225 orang tersebar dari seluruh Indonesia. Hasil post-test menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan pemahaman sebesar 70% dari semua peserta dalam menerapkan penggunaan software Mendeley dan EndNote. Kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat jika dilaksanakan secara lebih intensif kepada pelaku akademik.
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) become important key factors for producing qualified graduates and supporting creativity and innovation. The Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program stive to link and match between higher education graduates is not only with the business world and the industrial world but also with rapidly changing future. The research subjects were outbound and inbound student exchange. Qualitative data is used to determine the students perceptions in learning activities at Science Education Study Program. Learning activities by inbound student at UNEJ used as making material in power point slides (ppt) for group presentations, discussing material and analyzing videos. In UNNES, outbound students get project assignments, progress and presentation in virtual meeting. Outbound students to UM are divided into several small groups to prepare papers, power points (ppt slide), video presentations and discussion through Sipejar.
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