Aim: To study the Long-term impact of soil test and targeted yield based nutrient management on vertical variability in carbon fractions of a Vertisol under rice-wheat cropping sequence. Place and Duration of Study: This research trail was conducted during rabi season of 2020-21 in an on-going research programme of AICRP on STCR initiated during 2008 at the Research Farm of Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur. Study Design: The study has consisted of six treatments of nutrient management practices based on soil test and targeted yields of rice and wheat (T1: Control; T2: GRD; T3: T.Y. 50 and 45 q ha-1 for rice and wheat; T4: T.Y. 60 q ha-1; T5: T.Y. 50 and 45 q with FYM 5 t ha-1 for rice and wheat and T6: T.Y. 60 q with 5 t FYM ha-1) at different soil depths (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm) which were replicated four times in a randomized block design.A total of 72 post- harvest soil samples of wheat were subjected to determination of carbon fractions across the soil depths. Results: Results revealed that Carbon fractions in soil were significantly altered by nutrient management practices over soil depths. However, the highest contents of organic and inorganic carbon fractions in soil were obtained under T6 having highest yield target of 60 q along with FYM 5 t ha-1 and the lowest in control. The results showed that contents of carbon fractions of soil were decreased with consecutive increase in soil depths except less labile carbon and inorganic carbon which increased with soil depths.
A field experiment was conducted during Kharif, 2019 at research field of Department of soil science and agricultural chemistry, JKKVV, M. P. India. Assess the sulphur fractions in soil as affected by soil test based nutrient application. The experiment was laid out in RBD with six treatments with four replications. The treatment schedule was having Control, General Recommended Dose (120-60-40), Targeted yield of 50 q ha-1 (138-65-60), Targeted Yield of 60 q ha-1 (178-86-79), Targeted Yield of 50 q + 5 t FYM ha-1 (134-50-57) and Targeted Yield of 60 q + 5 t FYM ha-1 (174-71-76) respectively. The result of this study showed that relationship between N, P, K and FYM used in soil increased the available S, water soluble S, organic S and total S in the soil. The increase of S fractions with the application of NPK might due to synergistic effect of N-S, P-S Or K-S in the soil. The application of NPK nutrients for T.Y.60q (174-71-76) + 5 t FYM resulted maximum available S (19.94 kg ha-1), water soluble S (16.96 kg ha-1), heat soluble S (25.17 kg ha-1), organic S (44.28 kg ha-1) and total S of (112.72 kg ha-1) which were significantly higher to General recommended dose for available, water soluble, heat soluble, organic, total S fraction in post-harvest soil.
Fertilization of soybean with zinc (Zn) had received considerable attention in recent years due to world-wide spread of its deficiency in soils and also due to malnutrition in infants and children’s. Soybean is high nutrient exhausting crop but sensitive to zinc (Zn) deficiency in soil. Application of Zn fertilizers could be a viable option to fulfil this deficiency and also to promote yield and growth parameters. This experiment was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur during kharif season of 2019 with fourteen treatments of zinc application strategies [(T1) Absolute control, (T2) recommended dose of fertilizer+ No Zn, (T3) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1, (T4) RDF + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 DAS, (T5) RDF + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 and 55 DAS, (T6) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 DAS, (T7) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 35 and 55 DAS, (T8) RDF + Zn solubilizer as soil application, (T9) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + Zn solubilizer as soil application, (T10) RDF + Spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 DAS, (T11) RDF + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 and 55 DAS, (T12) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 PPM salicylic acid at 35 DAS, (T13) RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 and 55 DAS and (T14) No RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1] which were replicated three times in randomized block design(RBD). Results showed that growth parameters, yield attributes and yield of soybean were significantly affected by zinc application strategies. It was found that treatment of RDF + 5.0 kg Zn ha-1 + spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 150 ppm salicylic acid at 35 and 55 DAS (T13) had been found best in terms of growth, yield attributes and yield of soybean.
Agricultural production is largely based on the use of agrochemicals in order to minimize pests, pathogens, and undesirable weeds toward increase production. In the current situation, however, several threats are emerging that threaten food security, human and environmental health, ecological balance, and soil biodiversity. Agrochemicals may shift beneficial microorganisms in the community over time, with potentially dangerous consequences, such as the development of antibiotic resistance. Farming systems utilizing agrochemicals might adversely affect soil microorganisms responsible for nutrient cycling processes, such as: nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilizing, and others. Some agrochemicals reduce soil enzyme activity and biochemical reactions, which are key indicators of soil microbiology. In this review, we explore how applied agrochemicals affect soil microbes and biochemical health attributes under different cropping systems, as well as ways to overcome the negative impacts of agrochemicals.
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