Various S-methylphenyl substituted acridine-1,8-dione series (4a-i) were synthesized through a one-pot cascade synthetic approach involving the reaction of 4-(methylthio)benzaldehyde and dimedone with a variety of amines as nitrogen source under reflux in ethanol. All the synthesized derivatives were characterized by using spectroscopic methods. In vitro evaluations of anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic efficacies of all the synthesized compounds were investigated. The anti-inflammatory results infer that the compounds 4c and 4d are showing excellent activity with an inhibition percentage of 80.58 ± 0.42, 81.72 ± 1.72 by membrane stabilization and 77.72 ± 0.76, 78.76 ± 0.81 by albumin denaturation methods, which is comparable with the standard diclofenac at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. Further, the antidiabetic assay revealed the moderate activity for the synthesized compounds at a concentration of 100 μg/ml with respect to their standard drug, acarbose.

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A new series of functionalized fused pyridines 4(a–i) and fused pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidines 8(a–c) were designed and synthesized through a multi‐component reaction where in pyridine ring formation step plays a key role. All the newly formed compounds were well characterized by spectral techniques such as FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, HRMS and XRD. The potential therapeutic activities such as anti‐inflammatory activity by protein denaturation and RBC membrane stabilization methods, and anti‐oxidant activity by DPPH scavenging method of the newly synthesized compounds were studied. Interestingly, in‐vitro testing of these compounds reveals that the compounds 4d, 4g, 4i, 8a and 8b showed comparable anti‐inflammatory activity with respect to the standard drug, diclofenac. Similarly, fused pyridine 4f showed excellent anti‐oxidant activity when compared with the standard, ascorbic acid.

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There is a growing demand for the development of non-toxic, cost-effective, and environmentally benign green synthetic strategy for the production of metal nanoparticles. Herein, the authors have reported Actinodaphne madraspatana Bedd (AMB) leaves as the bioreducing agent for the synthesis of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) and its catalytic activity was evaluated for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol with undisruptive effect on human health and environment. The broad and continuous absorbance spectrum obtained in the UV-visible region indicated the formation of PdNPs. The synthesized PdNPs were found to be crystalline, spherical, and quasi-spherical in shape with an average particle size of 13 nm was confirmed by X-ray diffractometer and transmission electron microscope. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed the active photo constituents present in the aqueous extract of AMB involved in the bioreduction of palladium ions to PdNPs. The catalytic activity of biosynthesized PdNPs was demonstrated for the reduction of 4-NP via electron-relay process. Also, the influential parameters such as catalyst dosage, concentration of 4-NP, and sodium borohydride were studied in detail. From the present study, PdNPs were found to be a potential nanocatalyst for nitro compound reduction and also for environmental remediation of wastewater effluents from industries.

Nature and nanotechnology have not yet achieved a lucid correlation in the field of science but together they have exhibited immense potential towards the advancement and modification in future science and technology. Due to the unique properties of nanomaterials like nanoparticles gained considerable importance. Among all the nanoparticles, zinc oxide (ZnO NPs) are greatly utilized in sensors, catalysis, bioscience, etc. Antimicrobial activity by ZnO NPs had more attention by the implementation of nanotechnology for the preparation of ZnO NPs. At present, antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs using Aegle marmelos (A. marmelos) leaves extract was done. The ZnO NPs subjected to UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM analysis. The presence of phenolic group in extract has the capacity to form ZnO NPs and act as stabilizing agent. Every 5 min interval ZnO NPs was formed which recorded by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The SEM analysis displayed a fine spherical ZnO NPs and EDAX report showed that the existence of zinc and oxygen in the ratio of 30.51% and 69.49%. The antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs has high percentage inhibition against A. niger at 1000 ppm. Till now, no research carryout on A. marmelos mediated ZnO NPs and applications towards antimicrobial activity.