Antibiotic resistance has been one of the most persistent global issue. Specifically, marine microbiomes have served as complex reservoirs of antibiotic resistant genes. Molecular advancements have enabled exploration of the uncultured microbial portion from hitherto difficult to sample niches such as deeper oceans. The Gulfs of Kathiawar Peninsula have been known for their unique properties like extreme tidal variations, different sediment textures and physicochemical variations. Pelagic sediment cores across four coordinates each of the Gulf of Kutch, Gulf of Khambhat and an open Arabian Sea were collected, processed for metagenomic sequencing and assessed for antibiotic and metal resistome. The dominant genes were mostly resistant to macrolides, glycopeptides and tetracycline drugs. Studied samples divided into three clusters based on their resistome with carA, macB, bcrA, taeA, srmB, tetA, oleC and sav1866 among the abundant genes. Samples from creek of Gulf of Kutch and mouth of Gulf of Khambhat were most diverse in resistance gene profile. Biomarkers observed include gyrA mutation conferring resistance gene in the Arabian Sea; Proteobacteria species in Gulf of Kutch and Arabian sea; while Aquificae, Acidobacteria and Firmicutes species in the Gulf of Khambhat. Region-wise differentially abundant 23 genes and 3 taxonomic biomarkers were proposed for antibiotic resistance monitoring.
Background: Significant works have been done on the diversity and distribution of porcellanids crabs in Indian coasts. The present work reports and describe porcelain crabs from the western coast of India. Result: Five species of porcelain crabs in three genera are reported from the western coast of India. Morphological descriptions with measurement of the reported species with key characters and distribution status are given. Conclusion: Petrolisthes boscii (Audouin, 1826), P. lamarckii (Leach, 1820), and P. rufescens (Heller, 1861) are commonly distributed along the studied coast. Enosteoides ornatus (Stimpson, 1858) and Pachycheles tomentosus (Henderson, 1893) sparsely occur and are firstly reported from the Gujarat coast.
An annotated checklist of sea slugs from Gujarat coastal waters was prepared, based on published literature and field observations from 2014–2019. Ninety-five species from 62 genera belonging to 29 families were recorded. Species are listed with synonyms and distribution status.
Diversity and distribution study of Stomatopoda has been carried out in selected locations of Gulf of Kachchh from 2014 to 2020. Four species belonging to four genera in two families were recorded from Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat. Carinosquilla multicarinata (White, 1848) was recorded for the first time from the west coast of India. Cloridina ichneumon (Fabricius, 1798) was recorded for the first time from Gujarat coast. Gonodactylellus demanii (Henderson, 1893) was reported after 50 years from Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat, and Gonodactylus smithii Pocock, 1893 is a commonly occurring species in the intertidal zone of the Gulf of Kachchh. Species are described and illustrated with key characters and distributional status in Gulf of Kachchh. An annotated checklist of nine species of Stomatopoda occurring in Gujarat is presented.
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