In our research we highlighted the problematic of the refuelling of autonomous vehicles. During the way to be full autonomous, the vehicles take over more and more driving function from the driver. It is lot of focus on automotive cyber security or trajectory following, but refuelling is not in the main researches. After reviewing the vehicle drivetrains, it was specified which to focus for further testing. In the second part of the article the main influencers of fuel consumption was listed based on a literature overview. Main aspects of the carried out test is listed and results helped us to refine the research direction. For modelling the refuelling of the vehicle it is an enabler to set realistic models for fuel consumption. Relevant researches were studied and these was extended with overview of refuelling studies. Based on these the main direction of our research was set.
With the increasing environmental pollution in our urban communities along with the continuous exhaustion of oil assets, electric vehicles are ending up profoundly supported as means of transport. There is a proceeding with increment in the quantity of EVs being used, however their global expansion and acceptance by consumers is identified with the performance they can deliver. The most significant highlights here are observably the low energy density, with staggering expenses and short cycle life bringing about constrained mileage contrasted with conventional passenger vehicles. Ordinarily, in the technical specifications of electric cars, automakers give an operational combined range which isn't completely accurate and doesn’t differentiate and take into consideration several influencing factors (urban driving or inter city traffic, ambient temperature, utilization of auxiliary equipment …). For the owners it is imperative to know as accurate as possible the remaining range and influence of the auxiliaries on energy consumption and mileage. That information will guarantee a tranquil and pleasant journey regardless of the constrained range of electric vehicles.
During our research, we focus on a less researched area in the development of autonomous vehicles. Automotive industry is turning more and more from conventional, internal combustion engine equipped vehicles to the electric cars. Today, electric driving is mostly limited to urban traffic, this is the area where range and refueling limits can be a real alternative. However, it is important to think of those who intend to use vehicle in longer distances, and hybrid technology can provide them a modern, environmentally conscious way of transport.In this article, we describe the method of creating the fuel consumption influencing factors matrix, which is the starting point of our research. We studied relevant researches and based on refueling studies we created the matrix. Based on results of real tests, we determined the factor mix that are the basis of our fuel consumption prediction model. These results will be inputs of planning routes of autonomous vehicles with optimized refueling and fuel consumption.
Fuel consumption prediction and recharging strategies are crucial fields of autonomous hybrid vehicles. In our paper based on literature review the currents trends of hybrid vehicles are compared and working principals of hybrid strategies created for different types of hybrid drivetrains were described. The fuel management, basics of the range estimation in hybrid vehicles are displayed. Analyzations of the factors affecting the fuel consumption and energy management were made, along with an estimation of the order of magnitude of these factors, based on experiments done by EPA. Main fuel consumption influencers are listed and a real word test is carried out in a highway measurement. It was focusing on the affection on the fuel consumption, caused by the additional consumers of the vehicle has been carried out. Evaluation of this measurement was made and conclusions were drawn about the efficiency changes of the vehicle.
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