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Introduction: Ogan Ilir is one of the three regency with the highest stunting incidence in South Sumatera. Environment factor is indirect causes of stunting in toddlers. The objective of this study therefore was to analyze the correlation between environmental sanitation with the incidence of stunting on toddler in Ogan Ilir Regency. Method: An observational analytical with a Cross sectional approach was conducted to determine incidence of stunting and associated environmental sanitation factors among toddler. Samples were toddler aged 12-59 months around 152 which selested by Multi Stage Cluster Sampling. Data was collected through interviews using questionnaries and observation was using checklist. The data was analyzed using Analysis of covariance test at (α=0.05). Result and Discussion: There was significant association between physical quality of clean water with incidence of stunting (p=0.036). Also, quqlity of sewerage significantly correlated to incidence of stunting (p=0.011). Significantly association also found between quality of latrines with incidence of stunting (p=0.005). On the other hand, history of infectious disease (p=0.100), personal hygiene (p=0.347), pesticide exposure (p=0.06), and cigarette smoke exposure (p=0.077) were not associated with inciden of stunting. Conclusion:Indirectly, the incidence of toddlers stunting is determined by environmental sanitation.

Latar Belakang : Air merupakan unsur yang vital dalam kehidupan manusia. Kualitas air bersih menurun akibat tingkah-laku manusia seperti sisa pembuangan pabrik-pabrik kimia/industri, zat-zat detergen, dan asam belerang.  Dampak dari terpaparnya air yang mengandung bahan kimia seperti kadmium, besi, dan mangan dapat menimbulkan efek gangguan terhadap kesehatan kronis maupun akut.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang (cross sectional) dengan teknik purposive sampling. Besar sampel yang diambil sebanyak 100 sampel.Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi rata-rata kadmium (Cd) 0,277 mg/L, besi (Fe) 0,414 mg/L, dan mangan (Mn) 0,213 mg/L masih memenuhi syarat Permenkes Nomor 32 Tahun 2017. Proporsi responden yang mengalami gangguan kulit sebanyak 45%. Variabel lama pajanan dan status alergi mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna (p value < 0,05), sedangkan variabel konsentrasi Cd, Fe, Mn, jenis kelamin, dan umur tidak mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna (p>0,05) terhadap gangguan kulit.Kesimpulan : Konsentrasi rata-rata Cd, Fe, Mn masih memenuhi syarat Permenkes, tetapi belum memenuhi syarat fisik karena memiliki rasa dan berwarna keruh. Gangguan gatal pada kulit disebabkan lama pajanan terhadap air sungai dan status alergi responden. Perlu dilakukan upaya promotif dan edukasi seperti pembuatan pengolah air sederhana skala rumah tangga kepada masyarakat. ABSTRACTTitle: Analysis of Cadmium, Iron, and Manganese Exposure on Water Cause of Skin Disorders in Desa Ibul Besar Kecamatan Indralaya Selatan Kabupaten Ogan IlirBackground : Water is a vital element in human life. The quality of clean water decreases because of human behavior such as waste disposal of chemical / industrial plants, detergent, and sulfuric acid. The impact of exposure from water containing chemicals such as cadmium, iron, and manganese that cause chronic and acute health effects.Methods : This study used cross sectional study design with purposive sampling technique. There are 100 samples.Results : The results showed that the average concentration of cadmium (Cd) 0.277 mg / L, iron (Fe) 0.414 mg / L, and manganese (Mn) 0.213 mg / L still appropriate quality standard from Permenkes Number 32 Year 2017. The proportion of respondents got skin disorders 45%. The variables of exposure and allergic status had significant relationship (p value < 0.05). The concentration variables Cd, Fe, Mn, sex, and age had no significant relationship (p > 0.05) to skin disorders.Conclusion : The average concentrations of Cd, Fe, Mn still appropriate quality standard from Permenkes, but they are not appropriate the physical requirements because they have a taste and muddy. Itchy skin disorders are caused by exposure of river water and allergic status of respondents. It needs promotive and educational efforts such as making simple household water processing to the community.

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Smoking leads to disease and disability as well as harm nearly every organ of the body. Furthermore, smoking of tobacco is known to cause pulmonary dysfunction and lead to complications, pain, or even death. This study aims to measure the risk factors for the respiration of carbon monoxide among smokers. A cross-sectional design was implemented by involving 156 smokers in Karyajaya Subdistrict, Palembang City. The dependent variable was carbon monoxide levels (ppm), while the independent variables were smoking frequency, duration, and the last period of smoking. The carbon monoxide levels (ppm) measured with a PiCO + Smokerlyzer® device from Bedfont Scientific Limited were the research tool and the independent variables of the questionnaire. The pearson Correlation and multiple linear regression were used for the analysis. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis revealed that smoking duration assessment is related to carbon monoxide respiration after controlling smoking frequency, the last period of smoking, and the distance of residence to sources of exposure. The smoker's respiration of carbon monoxide level was 72.5% influenced by the duration, frequency, last period of smoking, and distance of residence to sources of exposure. Reducing the frequency of smoking and stopping may prevent and control carbon monoxide respiration.