In this paper, a compact tri-band microstrip filter is designed and fabricated for application in wireless communication systems such as Bluetooth, WIMAX (World Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access), and WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network). In the proposed filter, three resonators, i.e., Stub-Loaded Resonator (SLR), Stepped Impedance Resonator (SIR), and Square Split Ring Resonator (SSRR), are used. The dimensions of the proposed filter are equal to 16.2 × 12.3 mm 2 or 0.219λ g × 0.166λ g. These dimensions indicate that the proposed structure has reduced the size by about 40% compared to the conventional samples. This is the main advantage of the proposed filter. Finally, in order to investigate analysis and simulations, the proposed filter is fabricated. The results prove correctness of the design, analysis, and simulations.
A novel method based on the metamaterial concept has been proposed to increase the gain of a planar array antenna without increasing the dimensions for millimeter‐wave femtocell implementation which can easily replace expensive macrocells. To implement the proposed method and present its advantages, 16 novel metamaterial unit‐cells named split cylinder metamaterial resonators (SCMRs) have been used to increase the gain of a millimeter‐wave two‐layer array antenna. The dimensions of each SCMR are equal to 0.067 mm3 or 0.0001 λg3, where λg is the guided wavelength at 27.5 GHz. Providing an effective metamaterial environment by the proposed SCMRs increases the gain of the antenna by more than 10 dB in the operating frequencies compared to a sample array antenna in which no metamaterial structures is used. The proposed SCMRs at frequencies of 24.5–32.5 GHz, with the creation of negative permeability and permittivity, have created a metamaterial environment. The frequency range covered by the proposed antenna is 26.5–28.5 GHz for millimeter‐wave femtocell applications. The average gain of the proposed antenna in the operating frequency band is equal to 17 dB. Also, the radiation efficiency at 27.5 GHz is 86%. The final dimensions of the proposed antenna are equal to 0.047 λg3 at 27.5 GHz. To confirm the accuracy of the full‐wave simulation, the proposed two‐layer array antenna was fabricated and its characteristics were measured. There is an acceptable fit between the simulated and measured results. It should be noted that the most important advantage of the SCMR is the improvement of antenna performance without increasing the dimensions.
In this paper, a 2×2 multi-layer array antenna based on the metamaterial concept is proposed at 28 GHz for 5-Generation (5G) applications. The feed network is designed in the first layer. This network feeds the rectangular patch located in the first layer using four shorted-pins (SPs). To realize the metamaterial environment, a novel unit-cell was designed. In the first layer between the two dielectrics, 2 unit-cell rows are used. In the second layer and adjacent to the patches, 4 rows of metamaterial unit-cells are loaded. Each of the metamaterial rows contains 6 unit-cells. As such, the antenna gain has increased more than 10 dB from the prototype without any metamaterial structures. The final dimensions of the proposed array antenna are 30×35.2×0.508 mm3. To prove the design, the proposed antenna was fabricated. The simulated and measured maximum gain at 28 GHz are 18.28 and 17.91 dB, respectively.
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