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Background: B-chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia (B-CLL) is a heterogeneous illness with a varied clinical history. Some individuals don't require therapy while others have an aggressive disease. Researchers discovered several prognostic biomarkers to help clinicians make decisions about whose patients will be in need to start treatment. Developing immunophenotyping markers such as CD69 and other serum markers such as TK and VEGF are evolving over time.Objective: This study aimed to assess relevance of CD69 as prognostic indicator in CLL cases and its association with Vascular-endothelial-growth factor (VEGF) and Thymidine-kinase (TK) activity. Methods: The research had 80 patients with B-CLL and 17 healthy controls. All subjects underwent routine laboratory investigations, flowcytometric analysis of CLL panel, CD38 and CD69 and TK activity and VEGF level by ELISA. Results: CD69 %, VEGF and TK were significantly higher in patients than in controls. Patients who required treatment had significantly higher CD69% and elevated levels of VEGF and TK than patients who were untreated. Correlation between CD69% with different parameters revealed significant positive correlation between CD69% and age, modified Rai staging, TLC, lymphocyte, B2 microglobulin, LDH, Coombs`test, receiving chemotherapy, CD 38/19%, VEGF and TK. CD69% at cut off levels of > 45% can significantly detect time to start chemotherapy with sensitivity and specificity of 88.89% and 77.27%. Regression analysis showed that age, modified Rai staging, lymphocyte count and HB level were independent variables that can predict CD69 expression. Conclusions: CD69, TK and VEGF could be considered as poor prognostic markers adding a new option for development of new prognosis score system.

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The aim of this work is to differentiate Mesenchymal stem cells derived (MSCs) from bone marrow obtained from human adult into cardiomyocyte using 5-azacytidine in vitro. Background: MSCs are considered a promising tool for cellular therapy because of their capability for selfrenewing and their multipotency. Owing to the limited ability of the injured heart to regenerate cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocyte transplantation has been advocated as a possible treatment for heart failure. Their other benefits on a myocardiac infarct is owed to neo-vascularization, because they can differentiate also into endothelial cells. Methods: MSCs were cultured from bone marrow aspirate and detected morphologically and by flowcytometric analysis of surface markers CD44 and CD 34 then differentiated to cardiomyocytes by using 5azacytidine .The cardiomyocytes were detected morphologically and by flowcytometric analysis of Vimentin and Troponin and immunofluorescence analysis for Cardiac alpha tropomyosin Results: MSCs can be isolated from bone marrow and assumed the typical fibroblastoid morphology and reach 80%-90% confluence at about 9 days. They express CD44 and are negative for CD 34 .MSCs induced with 5azacytidine show morphological changes consistent with cardio myocytes as compared to the symmetric morphologies of the uninduced cells, as shown by inverted microscope. Induced cells showed positive expression of troponin and vimentin and positive cardiac alpha tropomyosin.. Conclusion: MSCs can be successfully isolated from bone marrow aspirate and can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes.

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Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is of heterogeneous pathogenesis and caused by alterations of multiple genes. CircRNAs act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in numerous tumors and could be novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Few studies had incorporated circRNAs in AML. Aim of the Work Assessment of circANXA2, circ0075001, and circFBXW7 gene expressions in AML patients. Evaluation of their relations with clinical, cytogenetic, and overall survival outcome to emphasize their diagnostic role and prognostic impact. Methods This study was carried out on 120 subjects (66 AML patients and 54 controls). All subjects were subjected to gene expressions assay for circANXA2, circ0075001, circFBXW7 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Prominent overexpression of circANAX2 and circ0075001 in patients than control (P < 0.001), whereas circFBXW7 was markedly downregulated in patients than in control (P < 0.001). Moreover, circANXA2 with AUC 0.824, P <0.001, had a sensitivity of 74.24%, specificity 88.89% whereas circ0075001 with AUC 0.855, P < 0.001, had the highest sensitivity of 83.33% and specificity 79.63%, and circFBXW7 with AUC 0.826, P < 0.001, had a sensitivity of 75.76% and specificity 74.07% in the distinction of AML patients from controls. Additionally, we find out that high expression of circANXA2 and circ0075001 correlated significantly with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, less differentiated FAB subtypes (M5, M7), short overall survival, and had an adverse cytogenetic pattern. Conclusion CircANXA2, circ0075001, and circFBXW7 gene expressions could serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for AML disease. Moreover, CircANXA2 and circ0075001 exert poor prognostic effects on AML patients.

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Background: Beta (β )-Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive inherited disease causing variable degrees of anemia. The molecular defects are owing to point mutations or small deletions leading to diminution or absence of β -globin chain synthesis. The unmatched α -Hb is destructive to itself and other cellular components, resulting in ineffective erythropoiesis and hemolysis. Alpha-Hemoglobin Stabilizing Protein (AHSP) is a scavenger protein of erythroid that fastly and reversibly attach the α subunit of hemoglobin molecule preventing its precipitation and subsequent hemolysis.