We introduce the associated Lah numbers. Some recurrence relations and convolution identities are established. An extension of the associated Stirling and Lah numbers to the r-Stirling and r-Lah numbers are also given. For all these sequences we give combinatorial interpretation, generating functions, recurrence relations, convolution identities. In the sequel, we develop a section on nested sums related to binomial coefficient.
In the aim to understand the generalization of Stirling numbers occurring in the bosonic normal ordering problem, several combinatorial models have been proposed. In particular, Blasiak et al. defined combinatorial objects allowing to interpret the number of Sr,s(k) appearing in thewhere α is assumed to be non-negative. These objects are used to define a combinatorial Hopf algebra which specializes to the enveloping algebra of the Heisenberg Lie algebra. Here, we propose a new variant of this construction which admits a realization with variables. This means that we construct our algebra from a free algebra C⟨A⟩ using quotient and shifted product. The combinatorial objects (B-diagrams) are slightly different from those proposed by Blasiak et al., but give also a combinatorial interpretation of the generalized Stirling numbers together with a combinatorial Hopf algebra related to Heisenberg Lie algebra. The main difference comes from the fact that the B-diagrams have the same number of inputs and outputs. After studying the combinatorics and the enumeration of B-diagrams, we propose two constructions of algebras called Fusion algebra F, defined using formal variable and another algebra B constructed directly from the B-diagrams. We show the connection between these two algebras and that B can be endowed with a Hopf structure. We recognize two already known combinatorial Hopf subalgebras of B : WSym the algebra of word symmetric functions indexed by set partitions and BWSym the algebra of biword symmetric functions indexed by set partitions into lists.
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