Owing to its high conductivity, graphene has been incorporated into polymeric nanofibers to create advanced materials for flexible electronics, sensors and tissue engineering. Typically, these graphenebased nanofibers are prepared by electrospinning synthetic polymers, whereas electrospun graphenebiopolymer nanofibers have been rarely reported due to the poor compatibility of graphene with biopolymers. Herein, we report a new method for the preparation of graphene-biopolymer nanofibers using the judicious combination of an ionic liquid and electrospinning. Cellulose acetate (CA) has been used as the biopolymer, graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles as the source of graphene and 1-butyl-3methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) as the ionic liquid (IL) to create CA-[BMIM]Cl-GO nanofibers by electrospinning for the first time. Moreover, we developed a new route to convert CA-[BMIM]Cl-GO nanofibers to reduced GO nanofibers using hydrazine vapor under ambient conditions to enhance the conductivity of the hybrid nanofibers. The graphene sheets were shown to be uniformly *
In this manuscript surface roughness, coefficient of friction (COF) and tensile properties of a post-consumer cotton fabric are evaluated. Fabric roughness, COF, effective tensile force and breaking force measured by optical profilometer, CETR tribometer and Instron tensile machine, respectively. The results proved that COF could rely on fabric pattern. Moreover, microscopically roughness influences on friction and tensile properties due to surface defects. It was found that increase in roughness of textile cotton relates to increase of number of random directional fibers. These fibers intensify friction and reduce tensile properties. The reduced values of tensile (140.49 N), breaking (123.23 N) and effective tensile force (251.43 N) of warp direction are greater than values of tensile (79.54 N), breaking (67.97 N) and effective tensile force (179.69 N) of weft direction. These effects can lower cutting performance of post-consumer textile.
Water-soluble, partially cross-linked poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline combining the properties of chemical and physical gels was synthesized by a two-step procedure. Thermally induced sol-gel transition in its aqueous solution was studied by rheology, light scattering, and turbidimetry. It was demonstrated that the synthesized product is bimodal; it consists of linear and cross-linked components. The cross-linked components are responsible for the gelation, while the linear ones abate the viscosity growth. Heating the solution above the phase transition temperature leads to the self-assembly of the particles into a physical gel. The combination of chemical and physical cross-linking was found to be a prospective route for thermosensitive gel development.
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