Background: Telomeres are essential for the function and stability of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomerase consists of three subunits: human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), human telomerase RNA (hTR), and telomerase protein 1 (TP1). The hTERT subunit determines the activity of telomerase as an enzyme and is detected in most human tumors and regenerative cells. Telomerase activity is a useful cancer-cell detecting marker in some types of cancers.Aims: The aim of this study was to assess of telomerase hTERT mRNA in gynaecological tumors for diagnosis of malignancy.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Methods: A total of 55 gynaecologic tumor samples (35 ovarian, 13 endometrial, 6 cervical and 1 placental site trophoblastic tumor tissue) were obtained at the time of surgery. Quantification of hTERT mRNA was performed in a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using the LightCycler TeloTAGGG hTERT Quantification Kit.Results: It was histopathologically detected that 18 of the tissue samples were malignant and 37 of the samples were benign. 16 of the malignant tissue samples (88.9%) and 3 (8.1%) (endometrial tissue in proliferative phase, mucinous cyst adenoma and endometriosis) of the benign tissue samples were found to be hTERT positive. With the presence of these data, sensitivity and specificity of hTERT for the diagnosis of malignancy were calculated to be 88.9% and 91.9%, respectively. Conclusion:It was suggested that the measurement of telomerase activity in gynaecologic tumors, except for endometrial tissue in the reproductive phase, is a valuable method for pathological investigation.
Aortic arch abnormalities are the least frequently prenatally diagnosed congenital cardiac abnormalities. Right aortic arch (RAA) identified in prenatal period is associated frequently with other cardiac/non-cardiac malformations, notably tracheal or esophageal compression and microdeletions 22q11. Intrauterine and postnatal survey of the fetus depends on these anomalies and their effects. Aortic arc variations, particularly RAA, can be diagnosed accurately by fetal echocardiography. Elaborated fetal cardiac and extracardiac evaluation should be undertaken in all cases of RAA by using Doppler ultrasound. Also cytogenetic testing for 22q11 microdeletions should be considered carefully. Nonetheless, it should be kept in mind that isolated RAA has a good prognosis, and in the majority of the patients, it is an asymptomatic vascular variant with a relatively low risk for chromosomal anomaly. In this paper with this case, we aim to evaluate the prenatal findings, associated conditions and prognosis of prenatally detected RAA anomalies in the light of literatures.
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